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5
years of age, 35 die, and 18 more between the ages
of ten and fifteen years. So that out of the original
1000, 684 will be alive on their fifteenth birthday
and 316 will be dead. From these figures it is clear
that the mortality is greatest during the first year,
and that it rapidly declines as childhood advances.
There are, of course, many allowances to be
made with regard to some of the statistics which
have been produced, but the undeniable fact remains
that the general mortality amongst infants and young
children is terrific, and it is a subject to consider
whether this loss of life is inevitable ? We must also bear
in mind that wherever the death rate is high, disease
will unavoidably leave its mark on those who survive,
and the natural conclusion is that illness, and malnutrition
in childhood, frequently leaves traces behind
which are not wholly effaced by vigour in adults.
The following are the diseases which proved most
fatal to infants and young children :
Diseases of the Respiratory Organs, viz.:
Bronchitis, Pneumonia, and Pleurisy 34
Measles 5
Whooping Cough 9
Convulsions 7
Diarrhœa 20
Tuberculosis and Marasmus 9
Premature Birth 10
Tubercular Meningitis 9
Debility from Birth 12
Total 115
Zymotic Diseases.
The following are the deaths from the principal
zymotic diseases: