Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for St James's, Westminster]
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houses. Every sitting room and sleeping room should have at
least 500 cubic feet for each individual. The occupation of
small and unventilated kitchens as sleeping rooms is contrary
to law.
Water.—Water should never be drunk when it is not clear,
or smells. It is a safe plan to boil or filter it, or both, before
drinking. Cisterns and water butts should be cleansed out at
least once a month, when not exposed, and every week when
they are exposed to light. It is better to keep them always
covered. Water from pumps with surface wells should not be
drunk. The following street pumps in the Parish have surface
wells, and are liable to be charged with the leakage from
sewers, cesspools, and drains, viz.:—
Burlington Gardens; Warwick Street; Broad Street;
Marlborough Mews; Great Marlborough Street; Tichborne
Street; Little St. James's Street; Duke Street; and Charles
Street.
Food and Drink.—Stale fish and bad meat of all kinds,
as well as fruit and vegetables in a state of decay should be
avoided. The habitual use of ardent spirits is a common cause
of disease and death.
Bad Smells.—The inhabitants of no house are safe from
disease if they are exposed to offensive or disgusting smells of
any kind. These may arise from various causes, as follows: —
1. Dustbins or Ashpits.—These should never be allowed to
smell. They should be emptied at least once a week. All
vegetable and animal refuse should be burned, and not thrown
into the dustbin at all. The parish dustmen, when requested,
arc bound to remove the refuse from a dustbin without fee or
reward.
2. Water Closets.—They should have a constant supply of
water, and all defects be immediately remedied.