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106
before considering the details of these schemes. The extent of the
action of cowls is almost entirely dependent on the force of the
existing wind, so that at the times when the atmosphere is heavy
and unusually still, and when sewers generally make their
existence known, the action of cowls is not of much benefit.
RECOMMENDATIONS.
In conclusion, I beg to recommend as the readiest and most
practicable means of putting the sewers within the parish in a more
satisfactory condition :
1. Fall of Sewers-—That particular attention be paid to the
fall of sewers.
2. Manholes and Ventilation of Dead Ends.—That manholes
and ventilators be provided at all dead ends, and that they be
connected with the nearest adjoining sewer by a 9-in. pipe.
3. Steam and Obnoxious Matters.—That steam should not be
allowed to be discharged into the sewers, or any obnoxious matter
from factories, unless it has previously been specially treated and
deodorized.
4. Manholes.—That a 2-feet square manhole cover, with a
ventilating area of 63 square inches, be placed on all the manholes
which are now covered with an iron plate.
5. Surface. Ventilators 60 yards apart—That surface ventilators
be fixed to all old sewers at least 60 yards apart.
6. Rest Lamps as Ventilators.—That all rest lamps be used
as ventilating shafts.
7. Special Shafts.—That special ventilating pipes or shafts be
obtained wherever practicable.
8. Rain Water Pipes.—That rain water pipes where situated
in a good position, and when the joints are thoroughly secured, be
also allowed to act as ventilating shafts.
9. Flushing.—That the present system of flushing be continued
; that the owners of courts and other properties be encouraged
to have their private drains flushed, and that the Vestry
undertake to do the work on payment of a small fee.
10. Catchpits to Ventilators.—That all ventilators be provided
with an arrangement to prevent dirt passing through them
into the sewers.
Flushing Tarnks, etc—I further recommend that flushing
tanks, shafts with fires in them, or connected with factory shafts,
shafts with cowls on top, and special deodorizers can be used with
great benefit in special cases, and that such special cases be dealt
with individually as they arise.