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SECTION 34 (Interpretation) contains, inter alia, the following definitions:
"Authorised fuel" means a fuel declared by regulations of the Minister to be an
authorised fuel for the purpose of this Act.
"Chimney" includes structures and openings of any kind from or through which
smoke or grit or dust may be emitted.
"Fireplace" includes any furnace, grate or stove, whether open or closed.
"Heating" in relation to a dwelling includes the heating of water.
"Industrial plant" includes any still, melting pot or other plant used for any
industrial or trade purposes, and also any incinerator used for or in
connection with any such purposes.
"Practicable" means reasonably practicable having regard, amongst other things,
to local conditions and circumstances, to the financial implications and to
the current state of technical knowledge, and "practicable means" includes
the provision and maintenance of plant and the proper use thereof.
"Smoke" includes soot, ash, grit and gritty particles emitted in smoke.
"Dark smoke" means smoke which, if compared in the appropriate manner with a
chart of the type known at the date of the passing of this Act as the
Ringelmann Chart, would appear to be as dark as or darker than shade 2 on the
chart.
"Occupier" of a building means in relation to any building different parts of
which are occupied by different persons, the occupier or other person in
control of the part of the building in which the relevant fireplace is
situated.
"New dwelling" means a dwelling which either -
(a) was erected after the passing of this Act; or
(b) was produced by conversion, after the passing of this Act, of other
premises, with or without the addition of premises erected after the
passing of this Act.
In considering for the purposes of this Act whether any and, if so, what
works are reasonably necessary in order to make suitable provision for heating
and cooking in the case of a dwelling or are reasonably necessary in order to
enable a building to be used for a purpose without contravention of any of the
provisions of this Act, regard shall be had to any difficulty there may be in
obtaining, otherwise than at a high price, any fuels which would have to be
used but for the execution of the works
In exercise of his powers under Section 34 of the Act, the Minister of
Housing and Local Government has made The Smoke Control Areas (Authorised Fuels)
Regulations, 1956, declaring the following fuels to be "authorised fuels" for
the purposes of the Act in England and Wales:-
Anthracite;
Briquetted fuels carbonised in the process of manufacture;
Coke;
Electricity;
Gas;
Low temperature carbonisation fuels:
Low volatile steam coals.
The following action was taken under the provisions of the Clean Air Act
which were operative during the year under review:-