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27.9, in the present year; whilst in Hackney, the highest 39.7,
occurred in 1861, and the lowest 36.7 in 1859; and in South
Hackney, the highest 21.2, was that for the present year, and
the lowest 17.0 in 1857. The fluctuations in the birth rate are
useful as showing partly an alteration in the relative proportions
of the population, partly an alteration in the social condition of
the inhabitants. Thus, in Stoke Newington and Stamford Hill
there is a larger proportion of unmarried people, servants and
others, to the whole population as compared with Hackney and
South Hackney. There has also been a great increase in the
number of residents in Hackney and South Hackney, and an
absolute diminution in Stamford Hill.

As already mentioned, the deaths were below an average in
Hackney, during the year 1862, especially after deducting the
unusually large mortality in the East London Union and German
Hospital. As mentioned in previous reports, an allowance
should be made for mortality in Hospitals, when a comparison
is made with other districts, or the whole of London, but as the
German Hospital has not been in the district for a long period,
the mortality in it is excluded, as well as that of the East