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9
20th. and 40th. years; 80 between the 40th. and 60th. years ; 24S
between the 60th. and 80th. years ; and 78 above the 80th. years of
life. These give an average age at death of 34'75 years. Calculating
the population to have been 71,^73 on July 1. 1857, and having ascertained
the corrected number of deaths for the year to have been 1272,
we find that 10 persons in each 366 inhabitants died during the year,
or 177 in each 10,000 living, This death rate is very low, being only
a fraction, 0'7 in 1000 above what may be called a normal mortality
and is much below that which existed in the years 1847 — 53. Should
the rate of death in this district continue to improve as it has done
during the last two years. Hackney district will soon become one of
the healthiest in England, as it now is amongst those of the Metropolis.
Having calculated the mean age at death, and the number living, out
of which one person died in the year, we are in a position to deduce
the average duration of life by adding two thirds of the difference
between these two numbers to the mean age at death. In this way we
ascertain that the mean duration of life of the inhabitants of this district
during the year 1857 was 49'31 years ; that is to say that a child born
in the district during the year might expect to live 49'31 years, or 49
years, 114 days and 7 hours.
The number of nuisances abated by Mr. R. H. Valentine, your
Inspector of Nuisances during the year were 1789. The kind of nuisances
are shown in the following summary:
Cesspools emptied, filled up and drained into the sewer 351
Cesspools emptied 316
Horse, Cow, Pig, and Vegetable refuseremoved 243
Eooms limewashed and purified, dilapidated houses repaired 226
Eoad gullies cleansed and repaired 28
Filthy and offensive places cleansed and purified 78
Pigsties purified, repaved or removed 69
Foul and offensive drains cleansed or re-constructed 337
Foul and offensive open sewers cleaned out 37
Unwholesome collection of house refuse, &c. removed 104
1789
To obtain the removal of so large a number of nuisances, it has been
necessary to apply for 13 summonses only at the Police Courts, but a
very large number of persons have been required to attend before this
Board, for not adopting the proper means within a reasonable time.
The Meteorology of the year 1857 was very remarkable, but as the
peculiar characteristics of each quarter ha-\e been enumerated in the
quarterly reports, I shall be very brief in my present observations.