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Continued Defect No of children
in which found
Development (a) Hernia 6
(b) Other 22
Orthopaedic (a) Posture 60
(b) Feet l62
(c) Other 74
Nervous System (a) Epilepsy 6
(b) Other 4
Psychological (a) Mental Development 35
(b) Stability (Behaviour Difficulties) 146
Other Defects 25
Fifty-five per cent of the children were found to be in satisfactory health and
free from any defect (as compared with 40% for the previous year), and in addition there
were 14% in whom there was no defect except carious teeth (the same percentage as for
last year).
Taking into account a small decrease in the number of children who attended, there
is nevertheless a decrease in most "defects". Some of this may well be due to a different
interpretation by a number of medical officers conducting the examination, and commonly
known as "observer variation". It is unavoidable where a number of different persons
are recording their observations on conditions which are not precisely defined. However,
it is pleasing to note that for the first time for a number of years, there is a decrease
in dental caries. This may be a reflection of the increased facilities for dental inspection
and treatment of young children which have been available in recent years. The recorded
increase in impairment of hearing, speech and mental development, may be the result of
greater interest and attention now focused on these conditions, because of increasing
skills in early diagnosis and management.
Jelly Tests for Tuberculosis. Until November, 1958, jelly tests for tuberculosis
were offered to all children attending for their birthday examinations. Out of 1,698
children tested in 1958, only one was positive. This child was already under observation
as a known contact of an adult case.
Since these routine jelly tests of pre-school children were started, very few
positive results have been found, and in only one case was there active disease. Follow
up of the positive reactors and their families has not led to the detection of a single
unknown case of adult tuberculosis. In view of this, and after discussion with the
Chest Physician, it was decided to discontinue the routine jelly tests at the Toddlers'
Clinics. The test will, of course, still be available as a diagnostic aid when indicated,
and can also be applied at the parents' request. It was further agreed that when practicable
a survey of 5-year old children at school might be made. This would be more complete and
might give useful information.
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