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At birth babies are able to suck, swallow, cry, sneeze, cough and lift the
head when lying face downwards - these are self-preserving reflexes. They
also have reflexes which were of use in a more primitive development. One
of these is the ability to make a stepping movement, a reflex which is
normally lost during the first few weeks of life.
Vision can be checked by increasingly complex tests from infancy onwards.
At this stage the examiner watches the child following a moving object
horizontally and vertically. Alertness of child, any abnormal movement of
the eyes, or a squint can also be noticed at the time.