Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Walthamstow]
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One of the upper rooms was equipped for a very important part
of the Psychelegist's work, the ascertainment of the child's
intellectual abilities and disabilities, the nature and causes of
his special defects, the devising and use of measures of remedial
touching to evercome his disabilities. In this room there are
intelligence tests both verbal and performance. There are
diagnostic tests of special disabilities in the school subjects and
schemes of work for retarded children. There is also a sand-tray
a screen house, some toys and scales. There will be measures as
well as weights in due time.
"The third room upstairs was to be used by the Psychiatric
Social Worker for interviewing the parents of the children brought
to the clinic. It was foreseen that a Secretary would be needed
when the work of the clinic grew,
"Finally there was the large Board room down-stairs which in
summer could be made available for group play, a form of therapy
used in the case of children whose major difficulties have been
resolved but who still need adapt themselves to a group.
"The Psychologist's second duty was to visit the schools and
investigate" the nature and extent of Psychological problems to be
found there.
"These were investigated under the following headings:Agressiveness,
Pilfering, Lying, Nervousness, Apathy, Enuresis,
Retardation, Speech difficulties, Distractability, Wandering.
"In the two month period before the full clinic team was constituted, 120 children referred as problem children, were examined diagnestically, including the giving of intelligence and scholastic tests. An analysis of the material in relation to type of problem gives the following results.
| Problem. | No. of cases. | Per cent. |
|---|---|---|
| Retardation | 68 | 56.7 |
| Agression | 14 | 11.7 |
| Pilfering | 6 | 5.0 |
| Lying | 3 | 2.5 |
| Nervousness | 14 | 11.7 |
| Apathy | 5 | 2.5 |
| Distractability | 6 | 5.0 |
| Speech defects | 1.6 | |
| Enuresis | 1 | 0.8 |
| Wandering | 3 | 2.5 |
| Total | 120 | 100.0 |
Two things were imediately evident from the figures
(1) That there is a large problem of retardation in school work
which must be tackled in the schorls. An examination of the I.Q's
of the retarded group shows that although the range of intelligence
is great, from defective intelligence to superior intelligence
(I.Q. 64 - 122) the great majority of backward children are
intellectually dull, (I.Q. 75 - 34), The average (medi???) figure
is I.Q. 79. see histogram below.
21.