London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Kensington 1885
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Kensington]
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TABLE III.
Deaths Registered from all causes in the year 1885.
(Exclusive of the Deaths of Non-Parishioners at Public Institutions within the Parish, but inclusive of the Deaths of Parishioners at Public Institutions outside the Parish.)
| CAUSES OF DEATH. | AGES. | Total under Five Years of Age. | Total all Ages. | Sub-Districts. | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 to 1. | l to 5. | 5 to 15. | 15 to 25. | 25 to 35. | 35 to 45. | 45 to 55. | 55 to 65. | 65 to 75. | 75 to 85. | 85 and | kensington Town. | Brompton. | ||||
| (Classes) I. SPECIFIC FEBRILE OR ZYMOTIC DISEASES | 153 | 181 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 334 | 429 | 369 | 60 | |
| II. PARASITIC DISEASES | 5 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 6 | 7 | 6 | 1 | |
| III. DIETETIC DISEASES | 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 1 | ... | 2 | ... | ... | 3 | 9 | 6 | 3 | |
| IV. CONSTITUTIONAL DISEASES | 74 | 73 | 28 | 41 | 97 | 97 | 87 | 54 | 43 | 14 | 3 | 147 | 611 | 471 | 140 | |
| V. DEVELOPMENTAL DISEASES | 69 | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 11 | 50 | 25 | 70 | 160 | 121 | 39 | |
| VI. LOCAL DISEASES | 228 | 159 | 31 | 38 | 58 | 95 | 125 | 194 | 242 | 144 | 32 | 387 | 1346 | 1060 | 286 | |
| VII. DEATHS FROM VIOLENCE | 19 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 28 | 61 | 49 | 12 | |
| VIII. DEATHS FROM ILL DEFINED AND NOT SPECIFIED CAUSES | 102 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 110 | 145 | 130 | 15 | |
| 653 | 432 | 88 | 105 | 174 | 216 | 239 | 265 | 310 | 221 | 65 | 1085 | 2768 | 2212 | 556 | ||
| I. SPECIFIC FEBRILE or ZYMOTIC DISEASES. 1.-MIASMATIC DISEASES. | ||||||||||||||||
| Small-pox | Vaccinated | 1 | ... | 2 | ... | 1 | 2 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 7 | 4 | 3 |
| Unvaccinated | 4 | ... | ... | 5 | 3 | 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 4 | 14 | 7 | 7 | |
| No Statement | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 4 | 3 | 1 | |
| Measles | 21 | 86 | 4 | ... | ... | ... | .. | ... | ... | ... | ... | 107 | 111 | 103 | 8 | |
| Scarlet Fever | 2 | 3 | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 5 | 7 | 5 | 2 | |
| Typhus „ | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Whooping Cough | 29 | 66 | 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | . | ... | ... | ... | 95 | 98 | 86 | 12 | |
| Diphtheria | 2 | 7 | 9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 9 | 22 | 18 | 4 | |
| Simple Continued or Ill-difined Fever | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Enteric or Typhoid Fever | ... | 3 | 2 | 5 | 1 | ... | l | .. | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 12 | 11 | 1 | |
| Other Miasmatic Diseases | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | |
| 2.-Diarrhœal Diseases. Simple Cholera | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Diarrhœa, Dysentery | 69 | 13 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | 2 | 1 | 82 | 86 | 78 | 8 | |
| 3.-Malarial Diseases. Remittent, Dysentery | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Ague | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | .. | ... | |
| 4.-Zoogenous Diseases. Cowpox, and effects of Vaccination | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | .. | |
| Other Diseases (e.g., Hydrophobia, Glanders,Splenic Fever) | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 5.-Venereal Diseases. Syphilis | 15 | 2 | ... | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | 17 | 26 | 25 | 1 | |
| Gonorrhœa, Stricture of the Urethra | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| 6.-Septic Diseases Erysipelas | 9 | ... | ... | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 1 | 9 | 26 | 21 | 5 | |
| Pyæmia, Septicæmia | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 7 | 5 | 2 | |
| Puerperal Fever | ... | ... | ... | 5 | 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 7 | 2 | 5 | |
| 153 | 181 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 12 | 10 | 5 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 334 | 429 | 369 | 60 | ||
| II. PARASITIC DISEASES. Thrush and other Vegetable Parasitic Diseases | 5 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 6 | 6 | 5 | 1 | |
| Worms, Hydatids, and other Animal Parasitic Diseases | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| 5 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 6 | 7 | 6 | 1 | |||
| III. DIETETIC DISEASES. Want of Breast Milk -Starvation | 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Scurvy | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | . | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Chronic Alcoholism | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | ... | ... | 2 | ... | ... | ... | 4 | 3 | 1 | |
| Delirium Tremens | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 1 | ... | 2 | ... | ... | 3 | 9 | 6 | 3 | ||
| IV.Constitutional Diseases. Rheumatic Fever, Rheumatism of the Heart | ... | ... | 1 | 3 | 5 | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | 12 | 6 | 6 | |
| Rheumatism | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | 8 | 7 | 1 | |
| Gout | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | ... | ... | 10 | 5 | 5 | |
| Rickets | 2 | 4 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 6 | 6 | 3 | 3 | |
| Cancer. Malignant Disease | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 8 | 11 | 34 | 24 | 31 | 8 | 2 | ... | 119 | 86 | 33 | |
| Tabes Mesenterica | 26 | 12 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 38 | 38 | 37 | 1 | |
| Tubercular Meningitis, Hydrocephalus | 34 | 40 | 5 | ... | 2 | 2 | 1 | ... | 1 | . | ... | 74 | 85 | 66 | 19 | |
| Phthisis | ... | ... | 18 | 33 | 78 | 79 | 45 | 20 | 4 | 1 | 1 | ... | 279 | 224 | 55 | |
| Other forms of Tuberculosis, Scrofula | 11 | 17 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | 28 | 39 | 28 | 11 | |
| Puerpura, Hæmorrhagic Diathesis | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| Anæmia, Chlorosis, Leucocythæmia | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 2 | ... | 1 | ... | ... | 4 | 3 | 1 | |
| Glycosuria, Diabetes Mellitus | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ... | .. | ... | 10 | 5 | 5 | |
| Other Constitutional Diseases | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 74 | 73 | 28 | 41 | 97 | 97 | 87 | 54 | 43 | 14 | 3 | 147 | 611 | 471 | 140 | ||
| V. DEVELOPMENTAL DISEASES. Premature Birth | 59 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 59 | 59 | 46 | 13 | |
| Atelectasis | 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 3 | 3 | ... | |
| Congenital Malformation | 7 | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | .. | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 8 | 9 | 8 | 1 | |
| Old Age | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 11 | 50 | 25 | ... | 89 | 64 | 25 | |
| 69 | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 11 | 50 | 25 | 70 | 160 | 121 | 39 | ||
| VI. Local Diseases. 1.- Diseases of Nervous System. Inflammation of Brain or Membranes | 3 | 2 | 2 | 3 | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | 5 | 13 | 10 | 3 | |
| Apoplexy, Softening of Brain, Hamiplegia, Brain Paralysis | ... | ... | 3 | 2 | 7 | 13 | 29 | 44 | 39 | 9 | ... | 146 | 112 | 34 | ||
| Insanity, General Paralysis of the Insane | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | 2 | ... | ... | ... | 4 | 4 | ... | |
| Epilepsy | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | 4 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | 11 | 8 | 3 | |
| Convulsions | 49 | 13 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 62 | 62 | 52 | 10 | |
| Larymn | 7 | 3 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 10 | 10 | 8 | 2 | |
| Disease of Spinal Cord, Paraplegia, Paralysis Agitans | 1 | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 4 | 3 | 2 | ... | 16 | 16 | 15 | 1 | |
| Other Diseases of Nervous System | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 6 | 7 | 2 | ... | 3 | 26 | 19 | 7 | |
| 2.—Diseases op Organs of Special Sense. (e.g., of Ear, Eye, Nose) | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| 3 .- Diseases of Circulatory System. Pericarditis | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 4 | 4 | ... | |
| Acute Endocarditis | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Valvular Diseases of Heart | ... | ... | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | ... | 4 | ... | ... | ... | 15 | 11 | 4 | |
| Other Diseases of Heart | .. | ... | 4 | 7 | 10 | 17 | 16 | 32 | 27 | 19 | 3 | ... | 135 | 104 | 31 | |
| Aneurism | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | 3 | 3 | 1 | ... | ... | 9 | 8 | 1 | |
| Embolism. Thrombosis | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 6 | 3 | 3 | |
| Other Diseases of Blood Vessels | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| 4.-Diseases of Respiratory System. Laryngitis | 1 | 2 | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 4 | 3 | 1 | |
| Croup | 3 | 14 | 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 17 | 19 | 15 | 4 | |
| Emphysema, Asthma | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 2 | ... | 3 | 3 | ... | ... | 9 | 6 | 3 | |
| Bronchitis | 100 | 71 | 4 | l | 8 | 8 | 29 | 54 | 79 | 44 | 16 | 171 | 414 | 339 | 75 | |
| Pneumonia | 21 | 27 | 2 | 4 | 10 | 7 | 16 | 15 | 16 | 7 | 1 | 48 | 126 | 109 | 17 | |
| Pleurisy | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | ... | 1 | 2 | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 6 | 3 | 3 | |
| Other Diseases of Respiratory System | 9 | 3 | l | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 5 | ... | 12 | 35 | 28 | 7 | |
| 5.- Diseases of Digestive System. Dentition | 12 | 12 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 24 | 24 | 13 | 11 | |
| Sore Throat, Quinsey | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | .. | |
| Diseases of Stomach | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Enteritis | 6 | 1 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ... | l | 1 | ... | ... | 7 | 18 | 12 | 6 | |
| Obstructive Diseases of Intestine | 1 | ... | 3 | ... | 2 | 2 | ... | 5 | 4 | 2 | ... | 1 | 19 | 13 | 6 | |
| Peritonitis | 4 | 2 | ... | 3 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 1 | 1 | ... | 6 | 24 | 17 | 7 | |
| Ascites | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| Cirrhosis of Liver | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 3 | 8 | 3 | 5 | 2 | ... | ... | 22 | 14 | 8 | |
| Jaundice, and other Diseases of Liver | 8 | 1 | ... | 2 | 2 | 6 | 7 | 12 | 7 | ... | 1 | 9 | 46 | 33 | 13 | |
| Other Diseases of Digestive System | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 1 | ... | 2 | ... | ... | 2 | 10 | 6 | 4 | |
| 6.- Diseases of Lymhoatic System (e.g., of Llymphatics and of Spleen) | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 7.- Diseases of Glandlike Olrgans of Uncertain Use. (e.g., Bronchocele, Addison's Disease) | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 8.—Diseases of Urinary System. Nephritis | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 11 | 10 | 1 | |
| Bright's Disease, Albuminuria | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 10 | 4 | 6 | 17 | 3 | ... | 4 | 41 | 29 | 12 | |
| Disease of Bladder or of prostate | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 1 | ... | 8 | 7 | 1 | |
| Other Diseases of the Urinary System | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 7 | 3 | ... | ... | 22 | 19 | 3 | |
| 9.- Diseases ofReproductive System. A. Of Organs of Generation. | ||||||||||||||||
| Male Organs | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Female Organs | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 5 | 4 | 1 | |
| B. Of Parturition. Abortion, Miscarriage | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 4 | 3 | 1 | |
| Puerperal Convulsions | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| Placenta Prævia, Flooding | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 2 | ... | |
| Other Accidents of Childbirth | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | .. | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 2 | ... | |
| 10—Diseases of Bones and Joints. | ||||||||||||||||
| Caries, Necrosis | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 3 | ... | |
| Arthritis, Ostitis, Periostitis | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| Other Diseases of Bones and Joints | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 11.- Diseases of Integumentary System. | ||||||||||||||||
| Carbguncle, Phlegmon | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Carbuncle, Phlegmon | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| 228 | 159 | 31 | 38 | 58 | 95 | 125 | 194 | 242 | 144 | 32 | 387 | 1346 | 1060 | 286 | ||
| VII. DEATHS FROM VIOLENCE. | ||||||||||||||||
| Fractures and Cotusions | 2 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 1 | 7 | 24 | 20 | 4 | |
| Gunshot Wounds | .. | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Cut, Stab | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ||||
| Burn, Scald | ... | 3 | 2 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | ... | 3 | 7 | 5 | 2 | |
| Poison | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | 1 | ... | |
| Drowning | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Suffocation | 17 | ... | ... | ... | ... | .. | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 17 | 19 | 18 | 1 | |
| Otherwise | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 2.—Homicide. Manslaughter | .. | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| Murder | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 3.—Suicide. Gunshot Wounds | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | |
| Cut, Stab | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Poison | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 1 | 1 | |
| Drowning | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | 1X | ... | 1 | |
| Hanging | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | 3 | 2 | 1 | |
| Otherwise | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 4.-Execution. Hanging | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | |
| 19 | 9 | 4 | 1 | 3 | 6 | 6 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 1 | 28 | 61 | 49 | 12 | ||
| VIII. DEATHS FROM ILL-DEFINED AND NOT SPECIFIED CAUSES. | ||||||||||||||||
| Dropsy | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | 5 | ... | |
| Debility, Atrophy, Inanition | 97 | 4 | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 101 | 102 | 91 | 11 | |
| Mortification | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | ... | 2 | 3 | ... | ... | 7 | 7 | ... | |
| Tumour | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | |
| Abscess | 1 | ... | ... | 2 | ... | ... | 2 | 2 | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 7 | 6 | 1 | |
| Hæmorrhage | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 2 | ... | ... | 2 | ... | ... | 3 | 3 | ... | |
| Sudden Death (Cause not ascertained) | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | ... | 1 | ... | 1 | ... | ... | ... | 2 | 2 | ... | |
| Causes not specified or Ill-defined | 4 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 3 | 2 | ... | ... | 1 | 8 | 22 | 20 | 2 | |
| 102 | 8 | 2 | 4 | 3 | 2 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 2 | 110 | 145 | 130 | 15 | ||
| CAUSES OF DEATH. | 0 to 1. | 1 to 5. | 5 to 15. | 15 to 25 | 25-35 | 35 to 45. | 45 to 55. | 55 to 65. | 65 to 75. | 75 to 85. | 85 and upwards. | Total under Five Years of Age. | Total, all Ages. | Kensington Town. | Bropton | |
| AGES. | sub districts. | |||||||||||||||