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6
South by Edmonton and Southgate, and on the West by South
Mimms and Hertfordshire.
It contains 12,601 acres, including 112 acres of water, and
naturally divides itself into three parts:—the Western; mainly
agricultural, with centres of population at Hadley Wood and
Cockfosters, is situate on the London clay, and is hilly in
character, the highest point in the District being at "Stormont"
(near Potters Bar), 418 feet above Ordnance Datum. The
Central; including the Ridgeway, Old Town, Bush Hill Park,
Clay Hill and Forty Hill, is, like the Western, partly on the
London clay, and the remainder on soil of a loamy nature with
gravel below. There is a considerable population in the neighbourhood
of the Town, partly of a residential and business, also
industrial nature. Bush Hill Park is now almost entirely built
upon, the inhabitants being mostly industrial.
The Eastern part of the District, the lowest point of which (41
feet above Ordnance Datum) is found near the Flour Mills,
Ponders End, lies in the Lea Valley. The soil is of loam, lying
on a deep substratum of gravel. There are two principal centres
of population, viz., Ponders End and Enfield Lock, and the
inhabitants are mainly employed in local factories, horticulture and
market gardening. In addition to the Royal Small Arms Factory
at Enfield Lock, there are the British Stone and Marble Company,
the Corticine Works, Edison and Swan United Electric Light
Company's Works, Enfield Gas Works, Metallic Tube Works,
and the Velvril-Bonnaud Works, Ponders End; also the
Brimsdown Lamp Works, North Metropolitan Electric Power
Station, Ruberoid Works, and White Lead Works at Brimsdown,
Enfield Highway. In addition to these there are many smaller
works and steam laundries in the District.
POPULATION.
The population of Enfield at the census of 1901 was 42,738,
a figure which at the census of 1911 was altered to 56,338,
showing an increase in the population of 13,600, or 31.8 per cent.
for the ten years.
At the last census it was found that the average number of
inhabitants to each house was 5.12, and as on the 30th of June
there were 11,185 inhabited houses, it follows that the population
of Enfield at that date must be estimated at 57,267.
In addition to the above there were 632 uninhabited houses,
nearly all available for habitation, thus shewing that the housing
accommodation is still sufficient for the needs of the District, and
that there is no excuse for overcrowding.