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In 1876 the compound horizontal engine, of 150-h.p., was fixed, which is
capable of lifting 178,000 gallons per hour into the same reservoir. Pumping
is usually going on continuously, including Sunday, and the quantity raised
averages 100,000 gallons per hour.
Waddon Well.—Pumping to supplement Surrey Street Wells commenced
on July 21st, 1899, with temporary plant from boreholes. In 1911, permanent
buildings were erected, and pumping plant brought into operation. The well
is 8-ft. in diameter, sunk to a depth of 60-ft. and lined with cast iron cylinders,
beyond which, to a total depth of 190-ft., it is 6-ft. 6-in. in diameter. The
machinery consists of three Cornish boilers and a cross compound condensing
pumping engine capable of lifting 130,000 gallons per hour.
Reservoir.—The low level reservoir, situated at Park Hill, is a brick
domed, one capable of containing 950,000 gallons. The overflow level is
293-ft. above sea level.
HIGH LEVEL.
Addington Well.—The well is 10-ft. in diameter and 205-ft. deep, all in
chalk. The well is not bored, but headings or tunnels 6-ft. high and 4J-ft.
wide have been made chiefly about 150-ft. from the top. The total length of
these is 813 yards, and they will hold with the lower part of the well about
502,000 gallons. Several important water-bearing fissures were cut through
in the east headings, the first one yielding 600,000 gallons a day. The maximum
yield is about two million gallons per day, and the minimum one million.
Pumping to reservoir commenced in August, 1883.
The pumping machinery consists of two engines each 125-h.p., of the
" Woolfe " type, 5 steel boilers, double-acting well and lift pumps of the
bucket and plunger pattern. Each engine is capable of lifting 77,760 gallons
per hour 250-ft. high, through a 21-in. pipe into the covered reservoir on
Addington Hills.
In May, 1910, Filters were brought into use for treating the whole of the
Addington supply. The three filters have a total area of 4,270 square yards.
The water passes through two feet of fine sand and one foot of small gravel.
There is also a softening plant capable of softening 6,000 gallons of water
per hour for use at the Croydon Mental Hospital. This water is pumped by
two pumping engines each capable of discharging 3,000 gallons per hour into
the tank in the Clock Tower at the Hospital.
Stroud Green Well.—The well is sunk to a depth of 390|-ft. from the
surface, the lower 251-ft. in chalk.
The well is lined to a depth of 144-ft. with iron cylinders, the successive
diameters of which are 12-ft., 11-ft. and 10-ft., and the latter diameter is
continued in the chalk.
A 12-in. borehole is put down beyond to a depth of 537-ft. from the
surface.
Headings are driven at 230-ft. and also at 365-ft. from the surface. At
the former depth 2,827-ft. 6-in., and at the latter depth, 1,395-ft. of headings
have been driven ; both upwards and downwards boreholes are made in both
sets of headings. The present yield of the Well is about 650,000 gallons per
day. Pumping to mains commenced on the 11th July, 1905.
In 1906, permanent buildings and plant were erected. The machinery
consists of three steel boilers, a triple expansion engine of 250-h.p., two well
pumps and a set of three-throw force pumps capable of lifting 65,000 gallons
per hour into the Addington Reservoir.
Reservoir.—This, situated at Addington Hills, is 420-ft. long, 124-ft.
broad, and 16|-ft. deep, and holds 5 million gallons. It is built entirely of
concrete, and the ground over it has been planted with heather and gorse.