London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Marylebone 1907
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for St. Marylebone, Metropolitan Borough]
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13
inter-communication between countries far apart, and the
universal advance of civilisation, should surely lead us to be
more optimistic than to talk about over-population.
The birth-rate in St. Marylebone during 1908 is lower than
the lowest rate of any civilised country. The question is, however,
of much more than merely local importance.
I give a table showing the average birth-rate in various
countries for the 25 years 1881 to 1905, and for the years 1906
and 1907:—
ANNUAL BIRTH RATES PER 1,000 PERSONS LIVING, 1881—1907.
| Countries. (Arranged in Order of Rates in 1901-5). | Quinquennial Periods. | Years. | Rate in 1901-5 compared with that in 1881-5 taken as 100. | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1881 to 1885 | 1886 to 1890 | 1891 to 1895 | 1896 to 1900 | 1901 to 1905 | 1906 | 1907 | ||
| Russia (European) | 49.1 | 48.2 | 48.2 | 49.3 | - | - | - | - |
| Bulgaria | 37.0 | 36.2 | 37.7 | 41.3 | 41.0 | 44.3 | - | 111 |
| Roumania | 41.8 | 40.9 | 41.0 | 40.2 | 39.4 | 40.5 | 41.7 | 94 |
| Jamaica | — | 36.8 | 38.6 | 38.9 | 39.0 | 38.1 | 35.0 | - |
| Ceylon | - | 30.3 | 31.7 | 37.2 | 38.8 | 35.7 | 32.8 | - |
| Servia | 46.3 | 43.7 | 43.3 | 40.1 | 38.7 | 41.3 | - | 84 |
| Hungary | 44.4 | 43.5 | 41.7 | 39.4 | 37.2 | 36.0 | 36.0 | 84 |
| Chili | 39.1 | 35.5 | 37.0 | 35.0 | 36.1 | — | - | 92 |
| Austria | 38.2 | 37.8 | 37.4 | 37.3 | 35.0 | 34.8 | - | 93 |
| Spain | 36.4 | 36.0 | 35.3 | 34.3 | 35.0 | 33.4 | 32.9 | 96 |
| Prussia | 37.4 | 37.3 | 37.0 | 36.5 | 34.8 | 33.7 | 33.0 | 93 |
| German Empire | 37.0 | 36.5 | 36.3 | 36.0 | 34.2 | 33.1 | - | 92 |
| Italy | 38.0 | 37.5 | 36.0 | 34.0 | 32.6 | 31.9 | 31.4 | 86 |
| Japan | — | 28.5 | 28.6 | 31.1 | 31.7 | - | - | - |
| The Netherlands | 34.8 | 33.6 | 32.9 | 32.1 | 31.5 | 30.4 | 30.0 | 91 |
| Finland | 35.5 | 34.5 | 31.8 | 32.6 | 31.3 | 31.4 | - | 88 |
| Western Australia | 34.7 | 36.9 | 30.7 | 28.3 | 30.3 | 30.0 | 29.2 | 87 |
| Denmark | 32.4 | 31.4 | 30.4 | 30.0 | 29.0 | 28.5 | 28.3 | 90 |
| Tasmania | 35.0 | 34.1 | 32.7 | 28.2 | 29.0 | 29.5 | 29.6 | 83 |
| Scotland | 33.3 | 31.4 | 30.5 | 30.0 | 28.9 | 27.9 | 27.0 | 87 |
| Norway | 31.2 | 30.8 | 30.2 | 30.1 | 28.6 | 26.7 | 26.3 | 92 |
| ENGLAND & WALES | 33.5 | 31.4 | 30.5 | 29.3 | 28.1 | 27.1 | 26.3 | 84 |
| Switzerland | 28.6 | 27.5 | 27.7 | 28.5 | 28.1 | 27.4 | - | 98 |
| Belgium | 30.7 | 29.3 | 28.9 | 28.9 | 27.7 | 25.7 | - | 90 |
| New South Wales | 37. 7 | 36.4 | 32.9 | 28.0 | 26.7 | 27.0 | 27.1 | 71 |
| Queensland | 36.5 | 37.4 | 34.1 | 29.1 | 26.7 | 26.3 | 26.9 | 73 |
| New Zealand | 36.3 | 31.2 | 27.7 | 25.7 | 26.0 | 27.1 | 27.3 | 73 |
| Sweden | 29.4 | 28.8 | 27.4 | 26.9 | 26.1 | 25.7 | 25.5 | 89 |
| Victoria | 30.8 | 32.7 | 30.9 | 26.2 | 25.0 | 25.1 | 25.2 | 81 |
| South Australia | 38.5 | 34.7 | 32.0 | 27.0 | 24.5 | 23.7 | 23.9 | 64 |
| Ireland | 23.9 | 22.8 | 23.0 | 23.3 | 23.2 | 23.6 | 23.2 | 97 |
| Ontario, Province of | 22.4 | 22.0 | 19.9 | 20.1 | 21.8 | 23.3 | - | 97 |
| France | 24.7 | 23.1 | 22.3 | 21.9 | 21.2 | 20.6 | 19.7 | 86 |