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given to them unconditionally as a favour from the
rich is but ill received, and is always abused.
There must be the quid pro quo, the double interest
in the matter, or it will not be valued.
Table IV. contains a classification of the deaths
according to age, to sex, and to the several districts
of the City. You will also notice that it exhibits
the annual averages in each of these respects for
the last five years. One of the deductions from
the Table is, that about 20 per cent., or just a fifth
of all the deaths in the year, were among infants
of less than a twelvemonth old. In the Eastern
Union the proportion is much larger, it amounts to
one-fourth of all the deaths. If these facts are
examined from another point of view, it will be
seen that in the Eastern and Western divisions of
the City about one in five of all the children born
die before they are a year old; whereas in the
Central division the proportion is only one in
seven. The first of these numbers is greatly
above the average for this country, and the second
is below it.
Passing on to the next column of figures, you
will observe that nearly 41 per cent, of all the
deaths were among children of less than five years
of age ; and as children up to this age constitute
about one-tenth part of the population of the City,
it is manifest that they die at the rate of about
10 per cent., instead of rather less than 7 per cent.,