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11
Report of the County Medical Officer—General.

Death-rates
in London—
age and sex
distribution.
It will be seen from this table that the rate of mortality in 1912 was considerably lower than
that of the period 1901-1910 at each age-period of life and for each sex, except among males aged
10-15, 55-65, and 75-85.
In previous annual reports it has been shown that a more accurate estimate of the effect on the
community of fluctuations of mortality could be obtained by the use of a Life Table, the method adopted
being similar to that employed by Dr. Tatham in a report on the health of greater Manchester for the
period 1891-3. The advantages of this method and the formula used are set out in some detail in the
London Life Table appended to the annual report for 1901. It will be seen from the description therein
contained that in order to apply this method of comparison it is necessary in the first place to ascertain
from the Life Table the mean future lifetime of males and females in groups of ages corresponding to
those age-groups to which the deaths relate. The following table shows the results thus obtained from
the London Life Table, which has been newly calculated on the basis of the mortality in the years 1901
1910, and is appended to this report.
Fluctuations
of mortality.
Age-group.
Mean future lifetime, 1901-1910.
Males.
Females.
Age-group.
Mean future lifetime, 1901-1910.
Males.
Females.
Years. Years. Years. Years.
0— 54.43 58.24 35— 25.90 29.04
5— 52.88 56.72 45— 19.18 21.72
10— 48.47 52.38 55— 13.34 15.16
15— 44.02 47.93 65— 8.60 9.70
20— 39.72 43.52 75— 5.15 5.74
25— 33.52 37.06 85 + 2.93 3.22
In the following table the number of deaths occurring in the year 1912 at each age-period and
for each sex is compared with the number of deaths which Would have occurred had the death-rates of
the period 1901-1910 been maintained in the year 1912. The number of lives gained in the latter period
is also shown, and the figures in the last column of the table express this gain in terms of "life-capital,"
these being obtained by applying the mean future lifetime figures given in the preceding table to the
number of lives gained at each age-group:—
Age-group.
Deaths calculated
according to
mean death-rates of
1901-1910.
Deaths occurring in
the year 1912.
Gain (+) or loss (—)
of lives in the year
1912, by fluctuations
of mortality.
Gain (+ ) or loss (—)
of "life capital" in the
year 1912 by fluctuations
of mortality.
Males.
0—
5—
10—
15—
20—
25—
35—
45—
55—
65—
75—
85 and upwards
All Ages—Males
12,604
751
397
558
729
2,085
3,232
4,155
4,619
4,727
2,664
653
37,174
8,632
671
408
527
656
1,895
2,918
3,997
4,679
4,642
2,756
570
32,351
+3,972
+ 80
— 11
+ 31
+ 73
+ 190
+ 314
+ 158
— 60
+ 85
— 92
+ 83
+4,823
+216,196
+ 4,230
— 533
+ 1,365
+ 2,900
+ 6,369
+ 8,133
+ 3,030
— 800
+ 731
— 474
+ 243
+ 241,390
(Continued on next pane.)
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