London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
London County Council 1912
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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4
Annual Report of the London County Council, 1912.
Rates of
natural
increase in
large English
towns.
The following table enables comparison to be made of the rates of "natural increase" of the London population with those of the principal towns of England in the period 1907-11, and in the year 1912.
| Town. | 1907-11. | 1912. | Town. | 1907-11. | 1912. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| London | 11.2 (b c) | 10.9 (b c) | Bradford | 4.6 | 5.0 |
| Greater London | 12.1 | 11.6 | Hull | 13.4 | 13.3 |
| Liverpool | 12.2 | 11.5 | Newcastle-on-Tyne | 13.3 | 12.7 |
| Manchester | 10.4 | 9.4 | Nottingham | 10.0 | 9.3 |
| Birmingham | 12.6 | 12.1 | Stoke-on-Trent | .. | 15.5 |
| Sheffield | 13.9 | 13.4 | Portsmouth | 12.2 | 10.8 |
| Leeds | 9.4 | 9.0 | Salford | 11.5 | 9.9 |
| Bristol | 9.9 | 8.1 | Leicester | 10.5 | 8.7 |
| West Ham | 15.5 | 15.3 |
Rates of
natural
increase in
foreign
towns
The factors affecting the rates of natural increase in the different localities to which reference is made, probably tend more to vitiate accurate comparison when the populations concerned are of different nationalities, and this should be borne in mind in connection with the following table showing the rate of increase in London and certain foreign towns (d):—
| Town. | 1907-11. | 1912. | Town. | 1907-11. | 1912. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stockholm | 9.1 | 6.8 | |||
| Paris | 0.6 | 0.5 | St. Petersburg | 4.2 | 4.6 |
| Brussels | 3.0 | 3.1 | Berlin | 7.2 | 6.0 |
| Amsterdam | 11.3 | 12.1 | Vienna | 5.5 | 3.7 |
| Copenhagen | 11.9 | 10.8 | New York |
The natural increase during the period 1907-11 in New York is probably understated, owing to
incomplete registration of births prior to 1908. It will be noticed that the excess of births over
deaths in 1912 is above the average of the preceding five years in Brussels, Amsterdam, St. Petersburg,
and New York. These rates can only be regarded as approximate, and in making comparison
of one town with another it should be borne in mind that full correction for births and deaths in
institutions might considerably modify the rates of some of the towns.
Marriagerates—
London.
Marriages.
The marriage-rate in successive periods has been as follows—
| Period. | Marriage-rate per 1,000 persons living. | Period. _0 | Marriage-rate per 1,000 persons living. |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1851-1860 | 20.6 | 1904 | 17.5 |
| 1861-1870 | 20.3 | 1905 | 17.5 |
| 1871-1880 | 19.1 | 1906 | 17.9 |
| 1881-0890 | 17.6 | 1907 | 17.9 |
| 1891-1900 | 17.8 | 1908 | 16.9 |
| 1901-1910 | 17.5 | 1909 | 16.9 |
| 1910 | 17.3 | ||
| 1901 | 17.7 | 1911 | 17.8 |
| 1902 | 18.0 | 1912 | 18.6 |
| 1903 | 17.8 |
(а) Greater London is the administrative area of the Metropolitan and City police.
(б) For the purposes of these rates the births in the principal lying-in institutions have been distributed to
the district to which they belong.
(c) These death-rates are fully corrected for institutions, by the exclusion of deaths of persons not belonging
to, but occurring in, institutions situated within London, and by the inclusion of deaths of persons belonging to
London, but occurring in London institutions situated outside the Administrative County. Since the year 1910, the
deaths have been further corrected by the inclusion of non-institutional deaths of London residents occurring in the
outer Ring of Greater London.
(d) All rates in this report relating to foreign towns are calculated upon figures published by the Registrar-
General.