Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]
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The following table shows the number of deaths1 occurring at several ages in each of the sanitary districts of the administrative county during the year 1900 (365 days)—
Age-period. | 0- | 1- | 2- | 3- | 4- | Under 5. | 5- | 10- | 15- | 20- | 25- | 35- | 45- | 55- | 65- | 75- | 85- | All ages. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Paddington | 477 | 113 | 46 | 23 | 22 | 681 | 47 | 23 | 25 | 47 | 99 | 162 | 223 | 246 | 260 | 202 | 63 | 2,078 |
Kensington | 649 | 139 | 46 | 27 | 20 | 881 | 47 | 30 | 30 | 56 | 145 | 229 | 261 | 328 | 352 | 299 | 85 | 2,743 |
Hammersmith | 486 | 113 | 31 | 33 | 22 | 685 | 44 | 24 | 35 | 38 | 107 | 139 | 190 | 185 | 206 | 195 | 50 | 1,898 |
Fulham | 668 | 195 | 68 | 32 | 44 | 1,007 | 67 | 35 | 34 | 46 | 140 | 211 | 221 | 233 | 189 | 140 | 34 | 2,357 |
Chelsea | 336 | 88 | 34 | 27 | 12 | 497 | 26 | 18 | 32 | 38 | 103 | 172 | 208 | 207 | 241 | 167 | 40 | 1,749 |
St.George,Hanover-sq. | 140 | 33 | 16 | 12 | 9 | 210 | 14 | 11 | 17 | 30 | 79 | 112 | 147 | 177 | 160 | 126 | 36 | 1,119 |
Westminster | 201 | 47 | 17 | 15 | 8 | 288 | 14 | 8 | 15 | 22 | 68 | 138 | 128 | 136 | 126 | 99 | 23 | 1,065 |
St. James | 64 | 11 | 5 | 4 | 4 | 88 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 10 | 22 | 34 | 42 | 48 | 59 | 28 | 5 | 344 |
Marylebone | 496 | 179 | 66 | 37 | 21 | 799 | 48 | 38 | 53 | 51 | 162 | 237 | 300 | 339 | 321 | 218 | 61 | 2,627 |
Hampstead | 162 | 34 | 18 | 12 | 18 | 244 | 28 | 9 | 21 | 18 | 37 | 66 | 101 | 128 | 127 | 110 | 33 | 922 |
Pancras | 1,022 | 322 | 115 | 70 | 45 | 1,574 | 90 | 41 | 70 | 108 | 313 | 411 | 498 | 551 | 561 | 344 | 90 | 4,651 |
Islington | 1,354 | 356 | 127 | 78 | 55 | 1,970 | 123 | 62 | 115 | 113 | 347 | 481 | 610 | 662 | 683 | 483 | 115 | 5,764 |
Stoke Newington | 85 | 17 | 6 | 2 | 7 | 117 | 17 | 4 | 6 | 12 | 24 | 36 | 48 | 53 | 69 | 49 | 18 | 453 |
Hackney | 1,002 | 218 | 91 | 56 | 26 | 1,393 | 61 | 46 | 54 | 93 | 198 | 259 | 319 | 372 | 402 | 325 | 102 | 3,624 |
St. Giles | 119 | 24 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 170 | 14 | 9 | 6 | 12 | 57 | 81 | 98 | 102 | 79 | 46 | 6 | 680 |
St. Martin-in-the-F'lds | 24 | 5 | 3 | 1 | ... | 33 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 17 | 27 | 35 | 29 | 35 | 14 | 6 | 209 |
Strand | 61 | 22 | 7 | 5 | 5 | 100 | 8 | 4 | 9 | 6 | 38 | 55 | 56 | 64 | 67 | 51 | 12 | 470 |
Holborn | 182 | 39 | 15 | 9 | 6 | 251 | 12 | 7 | 10 | 11 | 49 | 80 | 85 | 101 | 106 | 54 | 12 | 778 |
Clerkenwell | 329 | 128 | 39 | 27 | 12 | 535 | 27 | 21 | 21 | 25 | 83 | 143 | 160 | 176 | 131 | 87 | 14 | 1,423 |
St. Luke | 253 | 90 | 25 | 13 | 14 | 395 | 15 | 10 | 13 | 22 | 64 | 102 | 120 | 115 | 144 | 74 | 16 | 1,090 |
London, City of | 73 | 21 | 2 | 6 | 6 | 108 | 12 | 8 | 9 | 13 | 43 | 53 | 60 | 91 | 111 | 76 | 11 | 595 |
Shoreditch | 748 | 233 | 94 | 47 | 37 | 1,159 | 65 | 30 | 39 | 63 | 132 | 187 | 273 | 237 | 273 | 143 | 24 | 2,625 |
Bethnal-green | 782 | 243 | 102 | 47 | 36 | 1,210 | 77 | 27 | 48 | 60 | 154 | 210 | 252 | 299 | 272 | 191 | 48 | 2,848 |
Whitechapel | 389 | 121 | 34 | 28 | 15 | 587 | 31 | 22 | 22 | 43 | 104 | 167 | 204 | 176 | 141 | 76 | 16 | 1,589 |
St. George-in-the-East | 356 | 119 | 37 | 13 | 20 | 545 | 20 | 11 | 12 | 32 | 71 | 114 | 105 | 137 | 87 | 50 | 6 | 1,190 |
Limehouse | 425 | 152 | 39 | 27 | 21 | 664 | 31 | 18 | 29 | 36 | 76 | 149 | 134 | 151 | 158 | 78 | 12 | 1,536 |
Mile-end Old-town | 678 | 186 | 64 | 34 | 34 | 996 | 53 | 32 | 27 | 44 | 137 | 197 | 215 | 224 | 223 | 141 | 36 | 2,325 |
Poplar | 1,146 | 296 | 114 | 93 | 55 | 1,704 | 99 | 56 | 55 | 67 | 187 | 325 | 321 | 378 | 373 | 212 | 50 | 3,827 |
St. Saviour, Southwark | 137 | 41 | 17 | 5 | 5 | 205 | 15 | 6 | 11 | 9 | 44 | 67 | 63 | 71 | 59 | 43 | 8 | 601 |
St. George, Southwark | 439 | 153 | 51 | 23 | 22 | 688 | 40 | 18 | 33 | 32 | 109 | 165 | 190 | 170 | 137 | 67 | 14 | 1,663 |
Newington | 723 | 205 | 81 | 38 | 32 | 1,079 | 72 | 29 | 42 | 61 | 162 | 231 | 271 | 291 | 257 | 208 | 39 | 2,742 |
St. Olave | 45 | 18 | 6 | 8 | 3 | 80 | 8 | ... | 1 | 4 | 8 | 22 | 26 | 33 | 35 | 12 | 2 | 231 |
Bermondsey | 536 | 181 | 62 | 48 | 27 | 854 | 50 | 25 | 29 | 46 | 99 | 163 | 210 | 195 | 174 | 104 | 27 | 1,976 |
Rotherhithe | 241 | 78 | 41 | 28 | 12 | 400 | 19 | 18 | 12 | 28 | 53 | 68 | 65 | 77 | 88 | 57 | 11 | 896 |
Lambeth | 1,336 | 310 | 114 | 68 | 65 | 1,893 | 108 | 55 | 88 | 123 | 303 | 459 | 544 | 633 | 634 | 491 | 131 | 5,462 |
Battersea | 820 | 199 | 53 | 51 | 38 | 1,161 | 76 | 58 | 44 | 82 | 175 | 234 | 297 | 302 | 303 | 215 | 43 | 2,990 |
Wandsworth | 832 | 175 | 83 | 44 | 33 | 1,167 | 74 | 34 | 65 | 72 | 176 | 236 | 290 | 340 | 384 | 298 | 83 | 3,219 |
Camberwell | 1,113 | 266 | 118 | 85 | 56 | 1,638 | 106 | 46 | 91 | 69 | 230 | 324 | 417 | 473 | 500 | 411 | 93 | 4,398 |
Greenwich | 895 | 211 | 81 | 65 | 31 | 1,283 | 73 | 37 | 58 | 77 | 191 | 265 | 274 | 350 | 359 | 264 | 74 | 3,305 |
Lewisham | 413 | 95 | 43 | 31 | 19 | 601 | 46 | 25 | 37 | 36 | 97 | 129 | 150 | 200 | 196 | 194 | 49 | 1,760 |
Woolwich | 204 | 69 | 24 | 18 | 6 | 321 | 26 | 10 | 26 | 30 | 71 | 87 | 87 | 102 | 83 | 61 | 22 | 926 |
Lee | 154 | 22 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 194 | 10 | 7 | 16 | 15 | 39 | 50 | 47 | 63 | 68 | 77 | 28 | 614 |
Plumstead | 259 | 89 | 27 | 16 | 15 | 406 | 37 | 17 | 21 | 35 | 74 | 80 | 88 | 104 | 110 | 86 | 12 | 1,070 |
In this table where 110 death occurred is inserted.
London mortality in the ten years, 1891-1900, compared with the decennium 1881-90.
The following table shows the mean death rates obtaining in London at the several age-periods and for each sex in the decennia 1881-90 and 1891-1900—
Age period. | Males. | Females. | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean death rate 1881-90. | Mean death rate 1891-1909. | Differences per cent. | Mean death rate 1881-90. | Mean death rate 1891-1900. | Differences per cent. | |
0— | 73.09 | 72.21 | —1.2 | 63.26 | 62.15 | —1.8 |
5— | 5.93 | 5.10 | —14.0 | 5.82 | 5.27 | —9.5 |
10— | 2.92 | 2.56 | —12.3 | 2.89 | 2.57 | —11.1 |
15— | 4.05 | 3.67 | —9.4 | 3.58 | 3.06 | —14.5 |
20— | 5.44 | 4.85 | —10.8 | 4.40 | 3.54 | —19.5 |
25— | 8.65 | 7.57 | —12.5 | 6.82 | 5.65 | —17.2 |
35— | 14.96 | 14.22 | —4.9 | 11.42 | 10.63 | —6.9 |
45— | 23.87 | 23.31 | —2.3 | 17.23 | 16.91 | —1.9 |
55— | 41.33 | 40.32 | —2.4 | 30.77 | 30.18 | —1.9 |
65— | 77.97 | 75.82 | —2.8 | 63.28 | 61.28 | —3.2 |
75— | 155.93 | 148.84 | —4.5 | 134.28 | 130.22 | —3.0 |
85 and upwards | 297.63 | 277.76 | —6.7 | 264.77 | 259.81 | —1.9 |
All ages. | 22.10 | 20.91 | —5.4 | 18.83 | 17.73 | —5.8 |
It will be seen from the above table that the death-rates in the period 1891-1900 are
lower at each age, in the case of both males and females, than the corresponding death-rates in
the period 1881-90.
In previous annual reports it has been shown that a more accurate estimate of the effect
on the community of fluctuations of mortality could be obtained by the use of a "life table,"
the method used being similar to that employed by Dr. Tatham in a report on the health of
1 See footnote (1), page 5.