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to prevent the escape of fluid from the dung into the adjoining part of
the yard, neighbouring premises, or public ways.
5. Each cow house will be allowed to contain only so many cows
as shall admit of one thousand cubic feet for each animal; it shall be
properly lighted and ventilated. If the state of the neighbourhood
be considered to require it, it shall be provided with tight roofing and
ventilating shafts, so as to convey the noxious effluvia above the level
of adjacent houses.
6. Every yard adjoining a cow house shall be well paved with
stone or other impermeable material (the joints of the paving to be
run with grout), sloped in such a manner towards the channels and a
trapped gulley as to permit the rapid escape of fluids into the sewer.
7. The grain bins and receptacles for wash shall be kept in repair,
clean, and under cover.
8. In no case will inhabited rooms be allowed over a cow shed.
II.—As to management.
1. The sheds shall be thoroughly cleansed at least twice a day,
and the yards once a day.
2. All solid manure shall be carefully swept up, twice a day, and
placed under cover, to be removed from the premises every morning
before eight o'clock. (In the winter months, where fewer than five
cows are kept, the manure may be kept till the second day.)
3. Every cow house shall be limewhited at least four times in
the year, within a week of the quarter days.
The use of disinfecting material is to be strongly recommended,
as subsidiary to other means of preventing nuisance. Yarious
substances may be used for this purpose, as the chloride of lime,
chloride of zinc, or charcoal; but I have seen none which acts so well
as a patent powder introduced by Dr. Angus Smith and Mr. M'Dougall,
of Manchester; it contains sulphurous acid, lime, magnesia, and
carbonic acid. It has an extraordinary power as a deodorizer, and
has the advantage of fixing the ammonia which many of these agents
set free. Its own odour is not to most people at all offensive. It
appears to arrest decomposition, and in this respect differs altogether
from charcoal and many other deodorizers. It is said considerably to
enhance the value of the manure to which it is added, by preventing