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cases are concerned. By means of bacteriological examinations,
greater exactitude in diagnosis is secured.
Typhoid Fever—
44 samples of blood from suspected Typhoid cases have
been examined, and in 20 (i.e., 45.5 per cent.) the characteristic
Widal reaction was obtained, although in 17 cases
but slightly marked. In 24 cases (i.e., 54.5 per cent.) no reaction
was obtained. A high dilution of blood-serum is
used (1-60 to 1-100).
Diphtheria—
377 samples of throat and nose membranes and secretions
from doubtful diphtheria eases have been examined, and in
39 (i.e., 10.3 per cent.), the true Klebs-Lœffler bacilli were
obtained. Of these 39 eases, 29 (i.e., 74.7 per cent.)
showed the Klebs-Lœftler bacilli in pure cultivation—i.e.,
without admixture with other bacilli, whereas in the remaining
10 (i.e., 25.3 per cent.) the Klebs-Lœffler bacilli were
found combined with staphylococci (3), pseudo bacilli (2),
streptococci (1), staphylococci and streptococci and torulæ
(1), and pseudo and staphylococci (3).
In 338 (i.e., 89.7 per cent.) of the total number of throat
and nose samples examined, the Klebs-Lœffler bacilli were
not isolated, but other bacilli were found, e.g., staplylococci,
streptococci, torulœ, micrococci, diplococci, sarcinœ, and
pseudo (Hoffmann) bacilli. The last-named was found in
pure cultivation in 3 instances, mixed with staphylococci
in 1, with staphlyococci and streptococci in 1, with true
(Klebs-Lœffler) in 2, and with true (Klebs-Lœffler) and
staphylococci in 3.
other examinations—
11 samples of other materials were examined, viz.:
hairs (tinea tonsurans) 10, deposit from hath waste 1.
Of the 10 samples of hair, the spores of tinea tonsurans
were found in 4 (i.e., 40 per cent.). The deposit from the