London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

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City of Westminster 1913

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Westminster, City of]

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51
quarters. The ordinary objections to a " grant in aid of wages " do not
apply in a case like this when the breadwinner is either partially
disabled, or owing to special circumstances his needs are greater than
those of the normal workman of his class. It would appear that, under
the Tuberculosis Order, a local authority has power to make such
expenditure, and I understand it is done in some parts of the country.
The Council has authorised the provision of outside shelters, but for
obvious reasons they are unsuitable in central districts.

Diarrhoea.—In Westminster, the total deaths were49, 40 being under2 years of age(30 at this age in1912). Comparison with former years is made below:—

Westminster.1904.1905.1906.1907.1908.
Epidemic diarrhoea .8047752724
Other forms of enteritis1617201923
Total deaths9664954647
Number under 1 year of age7242712733
Number of births3,0543,1202,9312,9272,913
Deaths of infants per 1,000 births23.513.424.29.211. 4
Westminster.1909.1910.1011.1912.1913.
Epidemic diarrhoea10947920
Other forms of enteritis2332472829
Total deaths3341743749
Number under 1 year of age2726492733
Number of births2,7512,5922,3612,3492,233
Deaths of infants per 1,000 births9.210.020.711.414.7

There was a slight increase in the acute or infective form, which
occurs in the hot weather. Other forms, which depend on a variety of
causes, keep fairly constant.
Enquiry made with regard to these deaths, shows that there were
7 illegitimate children, 29 had been delicate from birth, 2 being premature,
1 child was one of triplets, and 1 a twin. Only 1 infant had been
entirely breast-fed, and 4 had been suckled at first for a week or two.
In 9 instances the mothers were out at work during the day, consequently
the children did not receive necessary care and the
children were nursed out or by neighbours; 4 mothers were seriously ill,
1 mother drank. Four infants were born and died in the infirmary.
Cold and dampness, improper feeding, want of proper care, defective
power of digestion, syphilis and tuberculosis account for many of the
cases in which diarrhoea was merely one of the accompaniments of the