[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Lambeth Borough]

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Unemployment. The following tables indicate the extent of unemployment among Lambeth residents :— (1) Average Number of Residents Registered as Unemployed in 1930, 1931, 1932, and 1933.

Date	Men	Women	J u veniles	Total

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(2) Number of Residents Registered as Unemployed at Monthly Dates in 1933.

Date	Men	Women	Juveniles	Total

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The standard of nutrition of Lambeth children on entering the County Council Schools is of interest when read in conjunction with the unemployment figures in the preceding tables :—

	1932—3,606 Children			1933—3,409 Children
	Good	Average	Below Normal	Good	Average	Below Normal

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The following Table shows both actual numbers and the percentage of total deaths in the various age groups. It is of interest to note that the number of deaths in the age period 65 and over was almost one-half the total deaths:—

All Ages	0—	1—	2—	5—		15—

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Estimated Population, 1933 (Middle of the Year.) I. Wards.

Wards	Males	Females	Total

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II. Registration Sub-Districts

Sub-Districts	Males	Females	Total

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III. Parliamentary Divisions.

Parliamentary Divisions	Wards	Total

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TABLE A. Giving Number of Live Births in each Registration Sub-District of the Borough of Lambeth During the Year ended 31st December, 1933 (arranged Quarterly).

Registration Sub-Districts	No. of Births				Total for the Year 1933
Registration Sub-Districts	1st Quarter	2nd Quarter	3rd Quarter	4th Quarter	Total for the Year 1933

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TABLE B. Showing Populations (Estimated), Uncorrected Registered Births, Corrected Deaths at all ages, under 1 year, under 5 years, and from the 7 chief zymotic diseases, during 1933, the 4 previous years and the averages for the four decennia 1891-1900, 1901 1910, 1911-1920, and 1921-1930.

Year	Estimated Population	Number of Births Registered	Corrected Numbers of Deaths
Year	Estimated Population	Number of Births Registered	All Ages	Under 1 year	Under 5 years	Deaths from 7 Chief Zymotic Diseases

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TABLE C. 1 Showing the Birth Rate, the General and Zymotic Death Rates, the Infantile Mortality Rates for the Year 1933, and the figures for the Three Previous Years, together with the Averages for the Four Decennia 1891-1900, 1901-1910, 1911-1920, and 1921-1930.

Year	Birth-Rate per 1,000 Population (uncorrected)	Death-Rate per 1,000 Population (corrected)	Corrected Deaths of Children under 1 year per 1,000 total Births	Deaths of Children under 1 year per 1,000 Deaths (corrected)	Deaths of Children under 5 years per 1,000 Deaths (corrected)	Zymotic Death-Rate per 1,000 Population (corrected)

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TABLE D. Vital Statistics of the Borough of Lambeth During 1933 and Previous Five Years (1928-1932)

Year	Population estimated to Middle of each Year	Births			Total Deaths Registered in District		Transferable Deaths		Net Deaths Belonging to the District
		Uncorrected Number	Net		Total Deaths Registered in District		of non-residents registered in the District t	of residents not registered in the District t	Under 1 Year of Age		At all Ages
					Number *	Rate			Under 1 Year of Age		At all Ages
									Number *	Rate per 1,000 Net Births	Number •	Rate
			Number	Rate					Number *	Rate per 1,000 Net Births	Number •	Rate
1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13

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TABLE E. Summary of Statistics Relating to the Metropolitan Boroughs for the Year, 1933.

Cities and Boroughs	Estimated Population to Mid-year 1933	Births Annual rate per 1,000 persons living	Death-rate per 1,000 living	Deaths of infants under 1 year per l,000 births

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TABLE F. Birth-Rate, Death-Rate, and Analysis of Mortality During the Year 1933 (Provisional figures).

—	Rate per 1,000 Total Population		Annual Death-rate per 1,000 Population									Rate per 1,000 Births
	Rate per 1,000 Total Population		All Causes	Enteric Fever	Smallpox	Measles	Scarlet Fever	Whooping Cough	Diphtheria	Influenza	Violence	Diarrhoea & Enteritis ' (under two years)	Total Deaths under one year
	Live Births	Stillbirths	All Causes	Enteric Fever	Smallpox	Measles	Scarlet Fever	Whooping Cough	Diphtheria	Influenza	Violence	Diarrhoea & Enteritis ' (under two years)	Total Deaths under one year

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TABLE H. Causes of, and Ages at, Death (Corrected) During the Year, 1933.

Causes of Death	Net Deaths at the Subjoined Ages of " Residents " whether occurring Within or Without the District
Causes of Death	All Ages		Under 1 year	1 and under 2 years	2 and under 5 years		5 and under 15 years	15 and under 25 years	25 and under 45 years	45 and under 65 years	65 and under 75 years	75 and upwards
1	2		3	4	5		6	7	8	9	10	11

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TABLE I. Shewing the corrected number of Deaths, with corrected Death-rates (general, zymotic and diarrhceal), in each of the Registration Sub-Districts of the Borough during 1933.

Registration Sub-Districts.	Total Deaths	General Death-rate per 1,000 of the Population.	Total Deaths (corrected) from							Total Zymotic Deaths.	Zymotic Death-rate per 1,000 of the Population.	Diarrhoea Death-rate per 1,000 of the Population.
Registration Sub-Districts.	Total Deaths	General Death-rate per 1,000 of the Population.	Small Pox	Measles	Scarlet Fever	Diphtheria	Whooping Cough	Typhoid or Enteric	Diarrhoea and Dysentery	Total Zymotic Deaths.	Zymotic Death-rate per 1,000 of the Population.	Diarrhoea Death-rate per 1,000 of the Population.

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In the Registration Sub-districts, the corrected infantile mortality varies thus:—

Registration Sub-Districts	Total No. of Births	Total Deaths under 1 year	Infantile Mortality per 1,000 Births

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TABLE J. Infantile Mortality, 1933. Net Deaths from stated causes at various Ages under 1 Year of Age.

	Under 1 week	1-2 weeks	2-3 weeks	3-4 weeks	Total under 1 month	1-3 months	3-6 months	6-9 months	9-12 months	Total Deaths under 1 year

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Stillbirths. The following particulars regarding stillbirths registered in Lambeth during 1933 have been received from the Registrar General:—

	Stillbirths registered	Inward transfers.	Outward transfers	Corrected totals

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Mortality (All ages). The mortality rates from different diseases and groups of diseases are given in terms of total deaths per 1,000 of the estimated population, with the exception of the infantile mortality rate which is expressed in terms of the corrected number of births.

	19330	1932	Quinquennium
	19330	1932	1931	1926-1930

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Births, 1933. The total number of Births registered (uncorrected) is 5,667, of which details are set out in Table A. The corrected number of births, however, is 3,941, showing a birth-rate of 13.63 per 1,000 of the estimated population.

			Total registered	Inward transfers	Outward transfers	Corrected numbers

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Of the total 5,841 notified births, 4,153 took place in Institutions, and of these, 1,789 belong to Lambeth, and 2,364 to outside districts, thus —

Institutions.	Lambeth Cases	Strangers	Totals

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(b) Infectious disease.

	Pneumonia (all forms)	1 Whooping Cough	Chicken-Pox	Influenza	Diphtheria	German Measles

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The figures giving the cost ot the Lambeth Milk Assistance Scheme and the quantities distributed, both ordinary cow's milk as well as the various forms of dried milk since its inception on 8th February, 1918, are shown in the following table:—

Years (Financial)	Cost of Milk distributed						Total Cost			Total amount of Milk distributed in gallons (approximately)
Years (Financial)	Through Welfare Centres			Through Milk Depot			Total Cost			Total amount of Milk distributed in gallons (approximately)
	£	s.	d.	£	s.	d.	£	s.	d.

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Local Government Act 1929—Grants. The Scheme, made under section 101 (6) Local Government Act, 1929, which will be in operation for the four financial years, 1st April, 1933, to 31st March, 1937, provides that the Council shall pay by way of annual contribution to each of the Voluntary Associations named in column 1 of the following table in respect of the service mentioned in column 2 thereof the sum specified in column 3:—

(1) Name of Association	(2) Service in respect of which Contribution is payable	(3) Amount of Annual Contribution

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Applications dealt with during 1933.

Welfare Centre	Applications received	Applications withdrawn, refused or cancelled

Page 34

Infant Life Protection. In accordance with the Transfer of Powers (London) Order, 1933, the administration of the provisions of the Children and Young Persons Acts, 1908 to 1933, was transferred to the Borough Council, and the summary of this work for the nine months ended the 31st December, 1933, now follows:—

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SUMMARY RELATING TO THE WORK AT WELFARE CENTRES

WELFARE CENTRE		North Marsh	Barley Mow	North Lambeth Babies' Care	Moffat	"Rose McAndrew "	St. Anne's	North Brixton	Loughborough J unction	Stockwell	Brixton	West Norwood	St. Thomas's Hospital (Main Building)	St. Thomas's Hospital (37 Roval St.)	General Lying-in Hospital	Totals

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SUMMARY RELATING TO THE WORK AT WELFARE CENTRES—continued

WELFARE CENTRE		North Marsh	Barley Mow	North Lambeth Babies' Care	Moffat	"Rose McAndrew "	St. Anne's	North Brixton	Loughborough Junction	Stockwell	Brixton	West Norwood	St. Thomas's Hospital (Main Building)	St. Thomas's Hospital (37 Royal St.)	General Lying-in Hospital	Totals

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The cost to the Local Authority of the Lambeth Maternity and Child Welfare Scheme since its inception in 1916, and the fall in the infantile mortality year by year are shown in the following table, together with the percentage of Lambeth children entering the County Council Elementary Schools afflicted with some physical defect or defects:—

Year	Cost to the Borough Council (Financial Year)			Infantile Mortality	Percentage of children entering school with one or more physical defects

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Summary of Work carried out (Visits Paid) by the 4 Whole-time Official Health Visitors during 1933.

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Continued from previous page...

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Sanitary Inspection of the Area. 5,873 Notices were served during the year 1933, as follows:— Public Health (London) Act, Metropolis Local Management Acts, Housing Acts, etc.

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Continued from previous page...

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Summary of Work Carried Out by the 12 District Male Sanitary Inspectors during 1933.

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Continued from previous page...

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Continued from previous page...

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Continued from previous page...

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Summary of Work carried out by the Women Sanitary Inspectors during 1933.

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Particulars of Defects found by Women Inspectors.

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Housing Applications, 1933.

Number of Persons in Family	Number of Rooms Occupied						Total Persons
Number of Persons in Family	1	2	3	4	5	6	Total Persons

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The record of work done during the year ended the 31st December, 1933, by the Council's two Housing Inspectors, is set out in tabular form as follows :—

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Concluding Remarks The following summary is the record of the work done under the Housing Acts, i.e., from June, 1920, up to the 31st December, 1933 :—

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Ministry of Health Table.

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Continued from previous page...

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Meat and Other Foods.

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In addition to the above-mentioned carcases or parts of carcases the following unsound food was condemned and destroyed :—

Fish—	cwts.	qrs.	lbs.

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Police Cmirt Proceedings. Following is the summary of proceedings at the Lambeth Police Court in respect of offences against the Food and Drugs Act :—

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In addition to the special inspections reported above, the usual routine inspections of all other known food premises such as bakehouses, milkshops, general stores, the kitchens of shops, hotels, restaurants, and public-houses, have been made during the year as follows :—

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Chemical and Bacteriological Examination of Food. Particulars of the 2,000 samples of Food and Drugs procured for analysis by the Public Analyst will be found in the following table.

Samples	Formal		Informal A
Samples	Number Analysed	> Number Adulterated	Number Analysed	Number Adulterated

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Food and Drugs.—continued.

Samples	Formal A		Informal A.
Samples	Number Analysed	Number Adulterated	t Number Analysed	1 Number Adulterated

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Food and Drugs.—continued.

Samples	Formal		Informal
	Number Analysed	Number Adulterated	Number Analysed	Number Adulterated

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TABLE L. Statistics of Notifiable Diseases.

	Cases notified	Attack-rate per 1,000	Deaths registered	Case mortality per 100	Cases removed to hospital	Per cent, of cases removed	Infected houses	Annual Average of cases notified 1921-1930

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TABLE M. Distribution of Cases Notified During the Year 1933.

Notifiable Disease	Number of Cases Notified								Total Cases Notified in each Registration Sub-District					Total Cases Removed to Hospital
	At all Ages	At Ages—Years							Lambeth Church	Kennington	Stockwell	Brixton	Norwood	Lambeth Church	Kennington	Stockwell	Brixton	Norwood
	At all Ages	Under 1	1 to 5	5 to 15	15 to 25	25 to 45	45 to 65	65 and upwards	Lambeth Church	Kennington	Stockwell	Brixton	Norwood	Lambeth Church	Kennington	Stockwell	Brixton	Norwood

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Smallpox. The type of small pox, variola minor, which has been endemic in the district now for six years, is mild and it has all along bred true, i.e., mild cases, give rise to mild cases only and never to the toxic or virulent form.

Age Groups	Vaccinated and Revaccinated	Vaccinated in Infancy	Unvaccinated	Totals

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Vaccination. Return showing the Numbers of Persons successfully vaccinated and re-vaccinated at the cost of the rates bv the Medical Officers of the County Council Institutions and the Public Vaccinators during the Year 1933.

Name of Institution or Vaccination District	Name of the Medical Officer or Public Vaccinator	Numbers of successful primary vaccinations of persons			Number of successful re-vaccinations, i.e., successful vaccinations of persons who had been successfully vaccinated at some previous time	Number of unsuccessful vaccinations or re-vaccinations of persons
Name of Institution or Vaccination District	Name of the Medical Officer or Public Vaccinator	Under one year of age	One year and upwards	Total

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Diphtheria Prevention—1933 Statistics for the year ended 31st December, 1933.

*A Clinic at 212 Camberwell New Road	Under 1 Year	1 to 4	4 to 5	5 to 10	10 to 15	15 and over	Totals

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The proportion of specimens found to be positive out of all those submitted was 16.89 per cent.; (in the previous year, 11.65 per cent).

Nature of Specimen	Result of Examination		Total
Nature of Specimen	Negative	Positive	Total

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Summary of work carried out by the Disinfecting Department during 1933.

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Tuberculosis. The numbers of cases of tuberculosis on the Lambeth Register of Notifications on December 31st, 1933, were as follows:—

	Males	Females	Totals

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TABLE N. Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1930. Summary of Notifications received during the period from January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933.

Age Periods	Formal Notifications
	Number of Primary Notifications of new cases of Tuberculosis												*Total Notifications (i.e., including cases previously notified)
	0 to 1	1 to 5	5 to 10	10 to 15	15 to 20	20 to 25	25 to 35	35 to 45	45 to 55	55 to 65	upwards	Total

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1.—Age Periods.

	0 to 1	1 to 5	5 to 10	10 to 15	15 to 20	20 to 25	25 to 35	35 to 45	45 to 55	55 to 65	65 and upwards	Total cases

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2.—Source of Information.

		Pulmonary	Non-Pulmonary

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TABLE N (2). Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1930. Summary of Notification Certificates, etc., received during the period from January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933.

Registration Sub-Districts	Formal Notifications (Table N)								Others (Table NI)
	Pulmonary				Non-Pulmonary				Pulmonary	Non-Pulmonary
	A.		I.	II.	A.		I.	II.	Pulmonary	Non-Pulmonary
Forms	Primary	Total	Sanatorium, etc.	Sanatorium, etc.	Primary	Total	Sanatorium, etc.	Sanatorium, etc.

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Deaths from Tuberculosis.

	Age Periods
	0	1	5	10	15	20	25	35	45	55	65 and upwards	Total

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The details of the tuberculosis deaths in the various Registration Sub-Districts are:—

Registration Sub-Districts	Deaths from
Registration Sub-Districts	Pulmonary Tuberculosis	Other Forms Tuberculosis	Total Deaths Tuberculosis	Tuberculosis rate per 1,000 population (Pulmonary)	Tuberculosis rate per 1,000 population (all forms)

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(1) Death-rates per 1,000 population:—

Years	Borough		Inner Districts		Outer Districts
Years	Pulmonary Tuberculosis	Tuberculosis (all forms)	Pulmonary Tuberculosis	Tuberculosis (all forms)	Pulmonary Tuberculosis	Tuberculosis (all forms)

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(2) Incidence Rates (notified primary cases per 1,000 population):—

	Borough		Inner Districts		Outer Districts

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Mortuaries and Coroner's Courts. Details of the work carried out in connection with the two Lambeth Mortuaries:—

	High Street, S.E. 1.		Wanless Road, S.E. 24.		Totals
	1932	1933	1932	1933	1932	1933

London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

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Lambeth 1933

68 tables in this report

Unemployment. The following tables indicate the extent of unemployment among Lambeth residents :— (1) Average Number of Residents Registered as Unemployed in 1930, 1931, 1932, and 1933.

(2) Number of Residents Registered as Unemployed at Monthly Dates in 1933.

The standard of nutrition of Lambeth children on entering the County Council Schools is of interest when read in conjunction with the unemployment figures in the preceding tables :—

The following Table shows both actual numbers and the percentage of total deaths in the various age groups. It is of interest to note that the number of deaths in the age period 65 and over was almost one-half the total deaths:—

Estimated Population, 1933 (Middle of the Year.) I. Wards.

II. Registration Sub-Districts

III. Parliamentary Divisions.

TABLE A. Giving Number of Live Births in each Registration Sub-District of the Borough of Lambeth During the Year ended 31st December, 1933 (arranged Quarterly).

TABLE B. Showing Populations (Estimated), Uncorrected Registered Births, Corrected Deaths at all ages, under 1 year, under 5 years, and from the 7 chief zymotic diseases, during 1933, the 4 previous years and the averages for the four decennia 1891-1900, 1901 1910, 1911-1920, and 1921-1930.

TABLE C. 1 Showing the Birth Rate, the General and Zymotic Death Rates, the Infantile Mortality Rates for the Year 1933, and the figures for the Three Previous Years, together with the Averages for the Four Decennia 1891-1900, 1901-1910, 1911-1920, and 1921-1930.

TABLE D. Vital Statistics of the Borough of Lambeth During 1933 and Previous Five Years (1928-1932)

TABLE E. Summary of Statistics Relating to the Metropolitan Boroughs for the Year, 1933.

TABLE F. Birth-Rate, Death-Rate, and Analysis of Mortality During the Year 1933 (Provisional figures).

TABLE H. Causes of, and Ages at, Death (Corrected) During the Year, 1933.

TABLE I. Shewing the corrected number of Deaths, with corrected Death-rates (general, zymotic and diarrhceal), in each of the Registration Sub-Districts of the Borough during 1933.

In the Registration Sub-districts, the corrected infantile mortality varies thus:—

TABLE J. Infantile Mortality, 1933. Net Deaths from stated causes at various Ages under 1 Year of Age.

Stillbirths. The following particulars regarding stillbirths registered in Lambeth during 1933 have been received from the Registrar General:—

Mortality (All ages). The mortality rates from different diseases and groups of diseases are given in terms of total deaths per 1,000 of the estimated population, with the exception of the infantile mortality rate which is expressed in terms of the corrected number of births.

Births, 1933. The total number of Births registered (uncorrected) is 5,667, of which details are set out in Table A. The corrected number of births, however, is 3,941, showing a birth-rate of 13.63 per 1,000 of the estimated population.

Of the total 5,841 notified births, 4,153 took place in Institutions, and of these, 1,789 belong to Lambeth, and 2,364 to outside districts, thus —

(b) Infectious disease.

The figures giving the cost ot the Lambeth Milk Assistance Scheme and the quantities distributed, both ordinary cow's milk as well as the various forms of dried milk since its inception on 8th February, 1918, are shown in the following table:—

Applications dealt with during 1933.

SUMMARY RELATING TO THE WORK AT WELFARE CENTRES

SUMMARY RELATING TO THE WORK AT WELFARE CENTRES—continued

Summary of Work carried out (Visits Paid) by the 4 Whole-time Official Health Visitors during 1933.

Continued from previous page...

Sanitary Inspection of the Area. 5,873 Notices were served during the year 1933, as follows:— Public Health (London) Act, Metropolis Local Management Acts, Housing Acts, etc.

Continued from previous page...

Summary of Work Carried Out by the 12 District Male Sanitary Inspectors during 1933.

Continued from previous page...

Continued from previous page...

Continued from previous page...

Summary of Work carried out by the Women Sanitary Inspectors during 1933.

Particulars of Defects found by Women Inspectors.

Housing Applications, 1933.

The record of work done during the year ended the 31st December, 1933, by the Council's two Housing Inspectors, is set out in tabular form as follows :—

Concluding Remarks The following summary is the record of the work done under the Housing Acts, i.e., from June, 1920, up to the 31st December, 1933 :—

Ministry of Health Table.

Continued from previous page...

Meat and Other Foods.

In addition to the above-mentioned carcases or parts of carcases the following unsound food was condemned and destroyed :—

Police Cmirt Proceedings. Following is the summary of proceedings at the Lambeth Police Court in respect of offences against the Food and Drugs Act :—

In addition to the special inspections reported above, the usual routine inspections of all other known food premises such as bakehouses, milkshops, general stores, the kitchens of shops, hotels, restaurants, and public-houses, have been made during the year as follows :—

Chemical and Bacteriological Examination of Food. Particulars of the 2,000 samples of Food and Drugs procured for analysis by the Public Analyst will be found in the following table.

Food and Drugs.—continued.

Food and Drugs.—continued.

TABLE L. Statistics of Notifiable Diseases.

TABLE M. Distribution of Cases Notified During the Year 1933.

Smallpox. The type of small pox, variola minor, which has been endemic in the district now for six years, is mild and it has all along bred true, i.e., mild cases, give rise to mild cases only and never to the toxic or virulent form.

Vaccination. Return showing the Numbers of Persons successfully vaccinated and re-vaccinated at the cost of the rates bv the Medical Officers of the County Council Institutions and the Public Vaccinators during the Year 1933.

Diphtheria Prevention—1933 Statistics for the year ended 31st December, 1933.

The proportion of specimens found to be positive out of all those submitted was 16.89 per cent.; (in the previous year, 11.65 per cent).

Summary of work carried out by the Disinfecting Department during 1933.

Tuberculosis. The numbers of cases of tuberculosis on the Lambeth Register of Notifications on December 31st, 1933, were as follows:—

TABLE N. Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1930. Summary of Notifications received during the period from January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933.

1.—Age Periods.

2.—Source of Information.

TABLE N (2). Public Health (Tuberculosis) Regulations, 1930. Summary of Notification Certificates, etc., received during the period from January 1st, 1933, to December 31st, 1933.

Deaths from Tuberculosis.

The details of the tuberculosis deaths in the various Registration Sub-Districts are:—

(1) Death-rates per 1,000 population:—

(2) Incidence Rates (notified primary cases per 1,000 population):—

Mortuaries and Coroner's Courts. Details of the work carried out in connection with the two Lambeth Mortuaries:—