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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Kensington 1912

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Kensington Borough]

Published
1913
Pages
100
Tables
81

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81 tables in this report

  • Page 3
    The Census figures for the several wards have now been published, and are given in the following Table:—
  • Page 4
    Arranged as to sex and legitimacy the births were as follows:—
  • Page 4
    The following Table shows the number of births and the birth-rate in North and South Kensington and in the several Wards, after distribution of the births at the Borough Infirmary, Queen Charlotte's Hospital, and other Institutions.
    Total Births.Birth-rate per 1,000 of the Population.
  • Page 5
    The subjoined figures show that 3,004 births in all were notified, and that the notification certificates received from various sources numbered 3,021, and included 17 duplicates.
    Source of Notification.Notifications received.Duplicate notifications.Number of Births Notified.
    Still Births.Live Births.Total Births.
  • Page 6
    residents " occurring in institutions or other places in Kensington. The following figures show how the corrected number of deaths given above has been obtained:—
  • Page 6
    Where comparisons are instituted between populations with a widely different age and sex composition the use of corrected death rates is essential, but in Kensington and in the Metropolis as a whole the influence of age and sex is for practical purposes the same, and the crude death-rates shown in the following Table may be accepted as roughly representing the relative mortality in the two areas.
    Crude Death-rates per 1,000 living.
    Kensington.London.
  • Page 6
    The number of deaths at all ages with the corresponding death-rates in the Borough, in North and South Kensington and in the several Wards was as follows:—
    Districts.Number of Deaths.Crude Death-rate per 1,000 inhabitants.
  • Page 7
    Causes of Death.—These are set out in detail in the Appendix. The following list shows certain causes of death which are important in themselves or from the fact that they contributed a considerable share to the total mortality for the year:—
    Cause of Death.Number of Deaths.
  • Page 7
    In the year under consideration the rate fell to 92, the lowest infantile death-rate ever recorded in Kensington.
    Period.Deaths under one year per 1,000 Births.
    Kensington.London.
  • Page 8
    The difference between the infantile death-rates recorded in the various districts of the Borough is very marked, as will be seen from the following figures:—
    District.Deaths under one year.Deaths under one year per 1,000 Births.
  • Page 8
    Causes of Infantile Mortality.—In the following Table the deaths occurring in infants under the age of 12 months during the year 1912 and the two preceding years have been classified according to the nature of the disease which was in each case certified as the cause of death.
    Cause of Death.Number of Deaths.
  • Page 10
    They show that 93 per cent. were still being fed on the breast alone in their second or third week of life, but they cannot be used for the purpose of comparison with the records of the deaths of infants at every age after the 7th day.
    Particulars Recorded.Cases in which Particulars were Recorded.
    Survivors.Deaths.
    Number.Per Cent.Per Cent.Number.
  • Page 15
    DIPHTHERIA. During the year 180 cases of diphtheria were notified and of these 5 proved fatal. The seasonal incidence of diphtheria, with that of scarlet fever and enteric fever is illustrated by the subjoined Table:—
    Report for four weeks endedNo. of Notifications.
    Diphtheria.Scarlet Fever.Enteric Fever.
  • Page 16
    The following Table shows the number of cases of diphtheria and the mortality during 1912 and in previous years. Diphtheria in Kensington, 1901-1912.
    Year.Cases Notified.Case-rate per 1,000 of population.Deaths.Death-rate per 1,000 of population.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 17
    Scarlet Fever in Kensington, 1901-1912.
    The Year.Cases notified.Case rate per 1,000 of population.Deaths.Death rate per 1,000 of population.Case mortality per cent.
  • Page 18
    OTHER NOTIFIABLE DISEASES. Ophthalmia Neonatorum.—Twenty-two cases of ophthalmia in newly-born infants were notified during the year. The results recorded were as follows:—
  • Page 19
    Non-notifiable Epidemic Diseases in 1912.
    Report for four weeks endedNumber of Deaths.
    Measles.Whooping Cough.Influenza,Diarrhoea & Enteritis.
  • Page 21
    Tuberculosis in Kensington, 1901-1912.
    Period.Number of Deaths and Death-rate per 100,000 persons living.
    Phthisis.Other Tuberculous Diseases.Tuberculosis—All Forms.
    Deaths.Death-rate.Deaths.Death-rate.Deaths.Death-rate,
  • Page 22
    Deaths from Phthisis in Wards, 1906-1912
    District.Number of Deaths.Death-rates per 10,000.
    1906.1907.1908.1909.1910.1906-10.1912.1906-10.1912.
  • Page 22
    The places where deaths from phthisis occurred are set forth in the following list, and also afford some indication of the social status of persons attacked by fatal phthisis.
    Place of Death.Number of Deaths.
  • Page 24
    Notifications from Officers of Guardians.—The certificates, numbering 462, which were forwarded by officers of Boards of Guardians may be classified as follows:—
    Form of CertificateParish or Union served by Officers who Certified.Total Notifications
    Kensington.Other Unions.
  • Page 25
    Notifications from Hospitals.—The certificates, numbering 1,218, which were forwarded by the Medical Officers of hospitals under the Regulations of 1911 are classified in the following summary:— Notifications of Phthisis by Hospitals.
    Description of Hospital Notifying.Number of Certificates as to Patients coming fromTotal Certificates Received.
    Kensington.Other Districts.
  • Page 26
    Cases of Consumption Notified in 1912.
    Source of Information.Number of Cases.
    New Cases.Previously known.Total Cases
  • Page 26
    Deaths in 1912 of persons previously notified.
    Date of previous notification.Number of Deaths in 1912.
  • Page 27
    The distribution of the notified cases in North and South Kensington and the various wards in the Borough is shown in the following Table:— Distribution of Notified Cases.
    District.Number of Persons Notified.
    New Cases.Previously known.Total.
  • Page 27
    Age and Sex of Persons Notified.
    Under 5 years.5-15.15-25.25-35.35-45.45-55.55 and u pwards.Total.
  • Page 28
    In 887 cases information was obtained as to the number of rooms occupied by consumptive persons and their families and is summarised in the two following Tables:— Home or other Accommodation of Sick Persons previously unknown.
    Number of Rooms Occupied.l234 or more.Homeless Persons in the Infirmary or in Asylums.Common Lodginghouse Cases.Total Cases investigated.
  • Page 29
    Occupation of Consumptive Persons.
    Occupation.Cases.Deaths.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 30
    Continued from previous page...
    Occupation.Cases.Deaths.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 31
    I.— The 'Number of Visits -paid during the year.
  • Page 34
    The parts of the body which were affected in each case are shown in the following Table:— Deaths from Cancer, 1912.
    Parts Affected.Sex.Total.
    Male.Female.
  • Page 37
    The Register of Milk Purveyors.
    Class of Premises.
    Milkshops.General Stores.Restaurants,Totals.
  • Page 38
    The inspections of the above premises during the year numbered 1,229, and resulted in the discovery of the following defects which were remedied after the service of notices:—
    Defects Found.Number of Defects.
  • Page 40
    The samples collected were as follows:— Samples Collected by the Sanitary Inspectors.
    Name of Sample.Number Taken.Number Adulterated.
  • Page 47
    Houses in which Rooms are let Furnished for short periods at a rental of l0d. or Is. per night payable in advance, and 5s. or 6s. for seven consecutive nights.
    Street or District.1897.November, 1907.February, 1913.
    Number of Houses.Number of Houses.Number of Furnished Rooms.Number of Houses.Number of Furnished Rooms.
  • Page 48
    The following Table shows that 37 per cent, or more than one third of the houses contain unfurnished as well as furnished lodgings, and that it is exceptional for all the so-called " furnished " lodging houses in one street to be let furnished throughout. List of Houses in which Furnished Lodgings only are let and of Houses in which Unfurnished as well as Furnished Lodgings are let:
    Street or District.Number of Houses.
    Bangor Street.Crescent Street.St Katherine's Road.Kenley Street.Sirdar Road.St. Ann's RoadPrinces Road.Pottery Lane.Portland Road.Talbot Grove.Total in Norland Ward.
  • Page 49
    Common Lodging Houses.—The Common Lodging Houses in the Borough number 22, and contain accommodation for 673 persons. From the following table it will be seen that 19 of these bouses are situated in the Norland Ward:— Common Lodging Houses.
    Ward.Name of Keeper.Address of Common Lodging House.No. of Lodgers, for which licensed, in 1912. Male. Female. Total.
  • Page 50
    The following Table shows the work of the year in the form required by the Board:—
  • Page 50
    The fact that the number of the houses in which defects were remedied exceeds the number recommended for inspection is accounted for by the completion of work in 1912 in certain houses which were represented in 1911, as will be understood from the following figures:—
  • Page 57
    "The subjoined Table summarises particulars of the 67 factories and 809 workshops on the register at the end of the year in North Kensington and South Kensington respectively.
    Workshops, etc.North Kensington.Sooth Kensington.Total for Whole Borough
    Dressmakers.Laundries.Miscellaneous.Total.Dressmakers.Laundries.Miscellaneous.Total.
  • Page 57
    " The businesses carried on at the registered premises are set out in the subjoined list:—
    Trade or Business.North Kensington.South Kensington.Total in the Borough.
  • Page 58
    The number of outworkers belonging to each of these three classes is shown in the following Table:- Home Work.
  • Page 59
    Condition of Homes Visited The following Table shows the circumstances of the 168 homes where work is carried on:—
    Nature of Room used for Work.Condition of Rooms.Total Number of Rooms.
    Clean.Fairly Clean.Dirty.
  • Page 60
    The appended Table summarises the work of the year, so far as it is capable of being expressed in this form:— Inspection of Women's Workshops.
    1912.North Kensington.South Kensington.Total for Borough.
    Dressmakers.Laundries.MiscellaneousTotal.DressmakersLaundries.MiscellaneousTotal.
  • Page 62
    FACTORIES, WORKSHOPS. WORKPLACES AND HOMEWORK I.—Inspection.
    Premises.Number of
    Inspections.Written Notices.Prosecutions.
  • Page 62
    II.—Defects Found.
    ParticularsNumber of Defects.Number of Prosecutions.
    Found.Remedied.Referred to H.M. Inspector.
  • Page 63
    III.—Home Work.
    NATURE OF WORK.1OUTWORKERS' LISTS, SECTION 107.Inspections of Outworkers premises.Outwork in Unwholesome Premises, Section 108.Outwork in Infected Premises, Sections 109, 110.
    Lists received from Employers.Addresses of Outworkers.§Notices served on Occupiers as to keeping or sending lists.Prosecutions.Instances.Notices served.Prosecutions.Instances.Orders made (S. 110).Prosecutions (Sections 109, 110)
    Twice in the year.Once in the yearReceived from other Coun-cils.‡Forwarded to other Councils.Failing to keep or permit inspection of lists.Failing to send lists.
    Lists.†Outworkers †Lists.Outworkers.
    Contractors.Workmen.ContractorsWorkmen.
  • Page 64
    IY.—Registered Workshops.
    Workshops on the Register (s. 131) at the end of the Year.Number.
  • Page 64
    V. —Other Matters.
    Class.Number.
  • Page 68
    LEGAL PROCEEDINGS. Legal proceedings were instituted in 23 cases, particulars of which are summarised in the following lists:— Legal Proceedings under the Public Health (London) Act, 1891, and Metropolis Local Management Act.
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
  • Page 69
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
  • Page 69
    Proceedings under the Dairies, Cowsheds and Milkshops Orders, 1885, 1886.
    Date.Name and Address of Defendant.Offence.Result.
  • Page 70
    The following Table shows the number of disinfections carried out for various diseases during the year:— Disinfection, 1912.
    Nature of Infection.Rooms Disinfected.Premises Disinfected.Disinfections at Wood Lane.
  • Page 70
    Year.Weight of Articles sent from Premises.Number of Premises.
    Tons.Cwts.Qrs.Lbs.
  • Page 70
    The following number of articles was dealt with at the Wood Lane Disinfecting Station during the year:—
  • Page 71
    PUBLIC BATHS AND WASHHOUSES. I am indebted to Mr. Buck, Superintendent, for the subjoined particulars as to the use made of the Public Baths and Washhouses during 1912 and the three preceding years by washers and bathers:—
    Year.Washers.Total attendances.
  • Page 72
    MORTUARY AND CHAPEL OF REST. During the year 238 bodies were deposited at the Mortuary under the following circumstances:—
  • Page 72
    Number of Bodies taken into the Mortuary.
    Year.No. of bodies received at the Mortuary.No. of bodies upon which Coroner's inquests were held.No. of bodies upon which post-mortem examinations were made.
  • Page 75
    TABLE I. Vital Statistics of Whole District during1912 and previous Years.
    Year.Population estimated to Middle of each Year.Births.Total Deaths Registered in the District.Transferable Deaths.Nett Deaths belonging to the District
    Uncorrected Number.Nett.of Nonresidents registered in the District.of Resi-dentsnot registered iu the District.Under 1Year of AgeAt all Ages.
    Number.Rate.Number.Rate.Number.Rate per 1,000 Nett BirthsNumber.Rate.”
  • Page 76
    TABLE II. Cases of Infectious Disease notified during the Year, 1912.
    Notifiable Disease.Number of Cases Notified.Total Cases Notified in each Ward.Total Cases Removed to Hospital.
    At all Ages.At Ages.—Years.St. Charles.Golborne.Norland.Pembridge.Holland.Earl's Court.Queen's Gate.Redcliffe.Brompton.
    Under 1.1 to 5.5 to 15.15 to 25.25 to 45.45 to 65.65 and upwards.
  • Page 77
    TABLE III. Causes of, and Ages at, Death during the Year 1912.
    Causes of Death.Nett Deaths at the subjoined ages of “Residents” whether occurring within or without the District.Total Deaths whether of “Residents” or “Non-Residents” in Institutions in the District.
    All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 a»d under 65 years.65 and upwards.
  • Page 78
    TABLE IV. INFANT MORTALITY DURING THE YEAR 1912. Deaths from stated Causes, in Weeks and Months, under One Year of Age.
    Cause of Death.Under 1 week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1-3 Months.3-6 Months.6-9 Months.9-12 Months.Total Deaths under One Year.
  • Page 79
    TABLE V. Births and Deaths in Kensington; Birth-rates and Death-rates; and Infantile Mortality 1881-1912 in London and Kensington.
    PeriodNumber of Births.Birth Rate per 1,000 living.Number of Deaths.Death Rate per 1,000 living.Deaths under One Year.Deaths under One Year per 1,000 Births.
    London.Kensington.London.KensingtonLondon.Kensington.
  • Page 80
    TABLE VI. Deaths from the Principal Epidemic Diseases, 1881-1912.
    Period.Deaths from the Seven Principal Epidemic Diseases.
    Small-pox.Measles.Scarlet Fever.DiphtheriaWhooping-CoughEnteric FeverDiarrhœa and Enteritis (all ages).Diarrhœa. and Enteritis (under 2 years.)
  • Page 80
    TABLE VII. Death-rate in Kensington, per1,000 persons living, from each of the Seven Principal Epidemic Diseases,1881-1912.
    Period.Smallpox.Measles.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Whooping Cough.Enteric Fever.Diarrhœa and Enteritis (all ages).Diarrhœa and Enteritis (under 2 years).
  • Page 81
    TABLE VIII. Causes of Death at different periods of life in the Year 1912.
    CAUSES OF DEATHClassification No.Totals— All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under 5 Years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 years and upwards.Totals — Above 5 Years.
    TotalMFMFMFMFMFTotalMFMFMFMFMFMFTotal
  • Page 82
    Table VIII- continued
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All AgesUnder 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under 5 Years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 years and upwards.Totals— Above Five Years.
    TotalMFMFMFMFMFTotalMFMFMFMFMFMFTotal
    Brought forward6352993363119171217765381039819156763901254987234298532
    GENERAL DISEASES.—continued.
    Anæmia Chlorosis54514..........................................1...31...145
    Acromegaly55D1...1................................................1.........11
    Alcoholism56523.......................................22.........1235
    Opium Habit5911......................................................l...1...1
    Total for General Diseases6473033443119171217765381039819156966901295188238306544
    II.—DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND OF THE ORGANS OF SPECIAL SENSE.
    Encephalitis60312..............................11..................1123
    Meningitis61BC189953.........35611.........12...121...437
    Locomotor Ataxy62642.............................................42......426
    Other Diseases of the Spinal Cord63AB918.......................................11...4...3189
    Cerebral Hæmorrhage, Apoplexy64AE8538471..............................112317241719374784
    Softening of Brain651147..........................................111354711
    Paralysis without specified cause66AC1569..............................................13566915
    General Paralysis of the Insane6716133.................................1...7251......13316
    Other forms of Mental Alienation684...4..........................................3...1.........44
    Epilepsy6919109...........................1...2...32341310919
    Infantile Convulsions under 5 years71AB146852....4126814.......................................
    Chorea7211..............................1...........................1...1
    Neuritis73431.......................................211.........314
    Other Diseases of the Nervous System74AD21615..............................1...1113121061420
    Mastoid Disease76 A11....................................1.....................1...1
    Other Diseases of the Ears76B2...2..............................1.........1...............22
    Total for Diseases of the Nervous System and of the Organs of Special Sense229103126116...415121527236318153643294791111202
    III.—DISEASES OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM.
    Pericarditis776241...............1...1...2.........1...11...145
    Acute Endocarditis78AC312..........................................111......123
    Valvular Disease79A753936...........................1...112219101623393675
    Fatty Degeneration of the Heart79B472126.......................................14871215212647
    Carried forward10074695384325171618127853131121326199089154191109173391485876
  • Page 83
    TABLE VIII.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under 5 Years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 years and upwards.Totals— Above 5 Years.
    TotalmFMFMFmFmFTotalmFmFmFmFmFmfTotal
  • Page 84
    TABLE VIII.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under Five Years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 years and upwards.Totals— Above Five Years
    TotalMFMFMFMFMFTotalMFMFMFMFMFMFTotal
  • Page 85
    TABLE VIII.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under 5 Years.5 and under 15 years15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years65 years and upwards.Totals— Above 5 Years.
    TotalMFmFmFmFmFTotalmFMFmFmFmFmFTotal
  • Page 86
    TABLE VIII.—continued.
    CAUSES OF DEATH.Classification No.Totals— All Ages.Under 1 year.1 and under 2 years.2 and under 5 years.Totals— Under 5 Years.5 and under 15 years.15 and under 25 years.25 and under 45 years.45 and under 65 years.65 years and upwards.Totals— Above 5 Years.
    TotalMFMFMFMFMFTotalMFMFMFMFMFMFTotal
  • Page 87
    TABLE IX—PROCEEDINGS DURING 1912.
    PREMISES.NUMBER OF PLACES.Number of inspections, 1912.Number of notices, 1912.Number of prosecutions. 1912.
    On register at end of 1911.Added in 1912.Removed in 1912.On register at end of 1912.
  • Page 87
    Overcrowding—1912.
  • Page 87
    Underground rooms—
  • Page 87
    Insanitary houses—
  • Page 87
    Revenue Acts—
  • Page 87
    Number of brosecutions under Bv-laws under Public Health Act, 1891—
  • Page 87
    Mortuaries—
  • Page 88
    TABLE X. Summary of the Work done by the Sanitary Inspectors during the Year 1912.
    description of work. etc.number of district.Grand Total.
    12845678910
  • Page 89
    TABLE XI. Vaccination Officer's Return respecting the Vaccination of Children whose Births were Registered in 1911. (Vide page 72)
    DATE.Registration Sub-Districts comprised in Vaccination Officer's DistrictNumber of these Births duly entered in Columns 1, 2, 4, and 5 of the Vaccination Register (Birth List Sheets), tfiz :Number of these Births which are not entered in the Vaccination Register, on account, (as shown by Report Book) of
    Number of Births returned in Birth List Sheets.Column II.Removed to other Districts, and notified to Vaccination Officers of the Districts.Removal to places unknown, or which cannot be reached, and cases not having been found.Total Number of Certificates of Successful Vaccinations received during 1 ach of the Calendar Years.
    Column 1. Successfully Vaccinated.Insusceptible of Vaccination.Certificate of Conscientious Objection.Column V. Dead. Unvacci-nated.Postponement by Medical Certificate.
    1911.1912.
  • Page 90
    TABLE XII.
    Name and Address of Keeper.Address of Houses Let in Furnished Rooms.Number of Houses.