Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Annual report of the Medical Officer of Health for the year 1899
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TOWNS. | Estimated Population middle of 1899 | Births. | Deaths. | Annual Rate per 1,000 Living. | Deaths from principal Zymotic Diseases. | Small-pox. | Measles. | Scarlet Fever. | Diphtheria. | Whooping-cough, | Fever. | Diarrhoea. | Deaths of Children under I year of age to 1,000 Births. | Rate per cent. of Uncertified Deaths. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Births. | Deaths. | Principal Zymotic Diseases. | ||||||||||||||
33 Towns | 11,404,408 | 343,294 | 229,731 | 30.2 | 20.2 | 2.81 | 31,992 | 145 | 5,231 | 1,520 | 4,551 | 4,345 | 2,472 | 13,728 | 181 | 1.2 |
32 Provincial Towns | 6,858,656 | 210,174 | 140,042 | 30.7 | 20.5 | 3.02 | 20,764 | 142 | 3,088 | 1,122 | 2,587 | 2,625 | 1,668 | 9,532 | 190 | 1.6 |
London | 4,546,752 | 133,120 | 89,689 | 29.4 | 19.8 | 2.48 | 11,228 | 3 | 2,143 | 398 | 1,964 | 1,720 | 804 | 4,196 | 167 | 0.6 |
300,241 | 8,891 | 5,004 | 29.7 | 16.7 | 3.50 | 1,049 | — | 204 | 19 | 183 | 101 | 77 | 465 | 197 | 1.9 | |
Croydon | 127,759 | 3,204 | 1,916 | 25.1 | 15.0 | 1.56 | 200 | — | 18 | 3 | 17 | 40 | 9 | 113 | 154 | — |
Brighton | 123,226 | 3,058 | 2,329 | 24.9 | 19.0 | 2.50 | .307 | — | 1 | 10 | 61 | 19 | 24 | 192 | 173 | 0.4 |
Portsmouth | 190,741 | 4,980 | 3,747 | 26.2 | 19.7 | 3 51 | 665 | — | 52 | 21 | 121 | 62 | 76 | 333 | 197 | 0.9 |
Plymouth | 100,637 | 2,992 | 2,180 | 29.8 | 21.7 | 1.93 | 193 | — | 11 | 3 | 20 | 51 | 7 | 101 | 190 | 0.3 |
Bristol | 320,911 | 9,345 | 5,840 | 29.2 | 18.2 | 1.86 | 595 | — | 41 | 13 | 33 | 119 | 34 | 355 | 158 | 0.6 |
Cardiff | 185,826 | 5,309 | 2,857 | 28.6 | 15.4 | 2.06 | 382 | — | 11 | 3 | 61 | 119 | 19 | 169 | 184 | 0.7 |
Swansea | 103,722 | 2,870 | 1,877 | 27.7 | 18.1 | 2.67 | 276 | — | 15 | 11 | 141 | 28 | 8 | 73 | 166 | 1.3 |
Wolverhampton | 88,821 | 3,123 | 1,932 | 35.3 | 21.8 | 2.56 | 227 | — | 2 | 6 | 17 | 22 | 46 | 134 | 184 | 0.5 |
Birmingham | 514,956 | 17,609 | 10,704 | 34.3 | 20.8 | 2.96 | 1,522 | — | 197 | 30 | 147 | 166 | 125 | 857 | 191 | 2.1 |
Norwich | 113,266 | 3,290 | 1,953 | 29.1 | 17.3 | 2.40 | 271 | — | 5 | 18 | 40 | 46 | 20 | 142 | 179 | 0.9 |
Leicester | 213,851 | 6,273 | 3,777 | 29.4 | 17.7 | 3.31 | 706 | — | 28 | 43 | 227 | 89 | 29 | 290 | 195 | 2.2 |
Nottingham | 239,384 | 6,910 | 4,772 | 28.9 | 20.0 | 3.33 | 797 | — | 138 | 56 | 32 | 56 | 115 | 400 | 210 | 1.0 |
Derby | 106,401 | 2,984 | 1,796 | 28.1 | 16.9 | 1.65 | 174 | — | 23 | 25 | 8 | 9 | 15 | 94 | 162 | — |
Birkenhead | 115,162 | 3,437 | 2,201 | 29.9 | 19.2 | 2.65 | 304 | — | 51 | 7 | 24 | 88 | 49 | 85 | 186 | 0.7 |
Liverpool | 634,212 | 22,490 | 16,686 | 35.6 | 26.4 | 3.77 | 2,383 | 1 | 319 | 162 | 212 | 307 | 199 | 1,183 | 198 | 3.8 |
Bolton | 162,221 | 4,838 | 3,218 | 29.9 | 19.9 | 3.18 | 511 | — | 98 | 35 | 14 | 43 | 56 | 265 | 181 | 0.4 |
Manchester | 543,902 | 17,692 | 13,347 | 32.6 | 24.6 | 3.92 | 2,130 | — | 703 | 45 | 83 | 227 | 77 | 995 | 206 | 0.8 |
Salford | 218,244 | 7,378 | 5,181 | 33.9 | 23.8 | 4.32 | 940 | — | 211 | 49 | 75 | 99 | 77 | 429 | 209 | 0.7 |
Oldham | 150,772 | 3,732 | 3,078 | 24.8 | 20.5 | 2.16 | 323 | — | 48 | 46 | 24 | 54 | 19 | 132 | 198 | 0.2 |
Burnley | 113,081 | 2,848 | 2,214 | 25.3 | 19.6 | 4.35 | 491 | — | 88 | 76 | 26 | 74 | 25 | 202 | 269 | 1.5 |
Blackburn | 135,154 | .3,643 | 2,579 | 27.0 | 19.1 | 2.67 | 360 | — | 42 | 23 | 72 | 52 | 41 | 130 | 189 | 3.5 |
Preston | 117,622 | 3,526 | 2,679 | 30.1 | 22.8 | 3.93 | 462 | — | 44 | 11 | 39 | 59 | 39 | 270 | 255 | 3.1 |
Huddersfield | 103,464 | 2,374 | 1,671 | 23.0 | 16.2 | 1.79 | 185 | — | 11 | 6 | 5 | 57 | 21 | 85 | 152 | 2.0 |
Halifax | 97,721 | 2,248 | 1,779 | 23.1 | 18.3 | 1 .50 | 146 | — | 13 | 26 | 15 | 22 | 24 | 46 | 159 | 3.7 |
Bradford | 236,241 | 5,506 | 4,344 | 23.4 | 18.4 | 2.33 | 549 | — | 76 | 106 | 27 | 65 | 46 | 229 | 181 | 0.9 |
Leeds | 423,889 | 12,937 | 8,090 | 30.6 | 19.1 | 2.79 | 1,178 | — | 157 | 64 | 328 | 161 | 71 | 397 | 171 | 2.6 |
Sheffield | 361,169 | 12,446 | 7,980 | 34.6 | 22.2 | 4.39 | 1,583 | — | 220 | 91 | 406 | 57 | 85 | 570 | 194 | 2.9 |
Hull | 234,270 | 8,003 | 4,508 | 34.3 | 19.3 | 3.66 | 856 | 141 | 120 | 39 | 29 | 144 | 142 | 341 | 175 | 2.1 |
Sunderland | 145,613 | 5,184 | 3,119 | 35.7 | 21.5 | 2.50 | 362 | — | 40 | 36 | 9 | 56 | 55 | 166 | 175 | 1.8 |
Gateshead | 106,552 | 3,890 | 1,997 | 36.6 | 18.8 | 2.09 | 222 | — | 21 | 93 | 8 | 46 | 15 | 119 | 177 | 0.7 |
Newcastle upon.Tyne | 228,625 | 7,164 | 4,687 | 31.4 | 20.6 | 1.82 | 415 | — | 80 | 26 | 29 | 87 | 23 | 170 | 193 | 0.9 |