London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972
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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
London County Council 1914
Annual report of the Council, 1914 Vol. III public health...
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30
Annual Report of the London County Council, 1914.
These factors are shown in the following table, together with the death-rates for each sanitary district, corrected by their application.
| Metropolitan borough. | Factor for correction for age and sex distribution. | Crude death-rate per 1,000 persons living. | Corrected death-rate por 1,000 persons living. | Comparative mortality figure (London 1,000). | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1909-13. | 1914. | 1909-13. | 1914. | 1909-13. | 1914. | ||
| London | 0.9634 | 1.09 | 1.18 | 1.05 | 1.14 | 1,000 | 1,000 |
| Paddington | 0.8542 | 1.19 | 1.48 | 1.02 | 1.26 | 971 | 1,105 |
| Kensington | 0.8117 | 1.19 | 1.54 | 0.97 | 1.25 | 924 | 1,096 |
| Hammersmith | 0.9363 | 1.09 | 1.20 | 1.02 | 1.12 | 971 | 982 |
| Fulham | 1.0723 | 1.04 | 1.09 | 1.11 | 1.17 | 1,057 | 1,026 |
| Chelsea | 0.8018 | 1.39 | 1.43 | 1.11 | 1.15 | 1,057 | 1,009 |
| Westminster, City of | 0.8484 | 1.31 | 111 | 1.11 | 0.94 | 1,057 | 825 |
| St. Marylebone | 0.8556 | 1.35 | 1.29 | 1.15 | 1.10 | 1,095 | 965 |
| Hampstead | 0.8657 | 1.10 | 1.35 | 0.95 | 1.17 | 905 | 1,026 |
| St. Pancras | 0.9362 | 1.24 | 1.28 | 1.16 | 1.20 | 1,105 | 1,053 |
| Islington | 0.9163 | 1.14 | 1.23 | 1.04 | 1.13 | 990 | 991 |
| Stoke Newington | 0.8235 | 1.26 | 1.60 | 1.04 | 1.32 | 990 | 1,158 |
| Hackney | 0.9594 | 1.03 | 1.17 | 0.99 | 1.12 | 943 | 982 |
| Holborn | 0.8425 | 1.20 | 1.41 | 1.01 | 1.19 | 962 | 1,044 |
| Finsbury | 0.9977 | 0.95 | 1.23 | 0.95 | 1.23 | 905 | 1,079 |
| London, City of | 0.7883 | 1.40 | 1.40 | 1.10 | 110 | 1,048 | 965 |
| Shoreditch | 1.1342 | 0.81 | 0.97 | 0.92 | 1.10 | 876 | 965 |
| Bethnal Green | 1.1866 | 0.97 | 0.85 | 1.15 | 1.01 | 1,095 | 886 |
| Stepney | 1.2037 | 0.84 | 0.91 | 101 | 1.10 | 962 | 965 |
| Poplar | 1.0747 | 0.97 | 1.04 | 1.04 | 1.12 | 990 | 982 |
| Southwark | 1.0335 | 1.07 | 1.04 | 111 | 1.07 | 1,057 | 939 |
| Bermondsey | 1.0744 | 1.13 | 1.11 | 1.22 | 1.19 | 1,162 | 1,044 |
| Lambeth | 0.9193 | 1.22 | 1 35 | 1.12 | 1.24 | 1,067 | 1,088 |
| Battersea | 1.0112 | 1.03 | 1.21 | 1.05 | 1.22 | 1,000 | 1,070 |
| Wandsworth | 0.9552 | 1.02 | 1.20 | 0.97 | 115 | 924 | 1,009 |
| Camberwell | 0.9688 | 1.05 | 1.12 | 1.02 | 1.01 | 971 | 956 |
| Deptford | 0.9963 | 1.07 | 1.16 | 1.07 | 1.16 | 1,019 | 1,018 |
| Greenwich | 0.9895 | 1.02 | 1.10 | 1.01 | 1.09 | 962 | 956 |
| Lewisham | 0.9223 | 1.09 | 1.08 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 952 | 877 |
| Woolwich | 1.0321 | 0.99 | 1.13 | 1.02 | 1.17 | 971 | 1,026 |
Cancer
death.rates
in London
boroughs.
It will be seen from the foregoing table (comparing the corrected death.rates) that in the
quinquennium 1909.13 among the several sanitary districts, Bermondsey (1.22) had the highest
cancer deathrate, and Shoreditch (0.92) the lowest; in the year 1914, Stoke Newington (1.32) had the
highest, the lowest obtaining in Westminster (094).
In the report for the year 1909 a table was included showing the cancer death-rates in the period
1901-9 in areas presenting different degrees of overcrowding, the object being to compare the deathrates
of populations differently circumstanced in respect of "social condition." The figures for 1914
show that there is no relation between cancer mortality and social condition, whether measured by the
degree of overcrowding or by the percentage of children scheduled for compulsory education, and in
this respect the behaviour of cancer differs altogether from that of phthisis.
Dr. Sidney Davies (Woolwich) gives the results of investigations which he has made into the
relation of cancer to certain habits (smoking, alcoholic indulgence, etc.).
The deaths attributed to influenza, which in 1913 numbered 863 (53 weeks), fell to 602 in 1914 (52 weeks). The deaths from bronchitis numbered 5,233 in 1914, as compared with 5,792 in 1913. In 1914 there were 5,519 deaths attributed to pneumonia, as compared with 5,887 in 1913. The deaths and death-rates from these diseases since 1889 have been as follows:—
| Year. | Influenza (a) | Bronchitis (a) | Pneumonia (a) | Year. | Influenza (a) | Bronchitis (a) | Pneumonia (a) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1890 | 0.15 | 2.93 | 1.46 | 1903 | 0.14 | 1.15 | 1.28 |
| 1891 | 0.55 | 3.12 | 1.64 | 1904 | 0.16 | 1.40 | 1.45 |
| 1892 | 0.53 | 2.63 | 1.45 | 1905 | 0.15 | 1.33 | 1.53 |
| 1893 | 0.35 | 2.42 | 1.67 | 1906 | 0.20 | 1.18 | 1.45 |
| 1894 | 017 | 1.80 | 1.23 | 1907 | 0.21 | 1.32 | 1.66 |
| 1895 | 0.49 | 2.43 | 1.37 | 1908 | 0.29 | 1.15 | 1.46 |
| 1896 | 0.11 | 1.68 | 1.23 | 1909 | 0.27 | 1.35 | 1.68 |
| 1897 | 0.15 | 1.67 | 1.14 | 1910 | 0.16 | 1.12 | 1.49 |
| 1898 | 0.29 | 1.74 | 1.22 | 1911 | 0.11 | 1.15 | 1.25 |
| 1899 | 0.41 | 2.05 | 1.49 | 1912 | 0.12 | 1.22 | 1.18 |
| 1900 | 0.43 | 1.93 | 1.60 | 1913 | 0.19 | 1.26 | 1.28 |
| 1901 | 0.15 | 1.62 | 1.35 | 1914 | 0.13 | 1.16 | 1.22 |
| 1902 | 0.23 | 1.71 | 1.47 |
Influenza,
bronchitis
and
pneumonia
death-rates,
London.
(a) See footnote (2) to table I., page 40,