Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Annual report for the year ending 25th March, 1899
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Table No.8.-Analsis of the Vital and Mortal Statistics of Thirty-three of the Largest English Towns during the Year 1898.
| Towns. | Estimated Population middle of'98. | Births. | Deaths. | Annual Rate per 1,000 Living. | Deaths from Principal Zymotic Diseases. | Small-pox. | Measles. | Scarlet Fever. | Diphtheria. | Whooping Cough. | Fever. | Diarrhœa. | Deaths of Children under 1 year of age to 1,000 births. | Rate per cent, of Uncertified Deaths. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Births. | Deaths. | Principal Zymotic Diseases. | ||||||||||||||
| Towns | 11,218,378 | 339,350 | 212,848 | 30.3 | 19.0 | 2.85 | 31,752 | 13 | 6,290 | 1,570 | 3,419 | 4,658 | 2,190 | 13,612 | 178 | 1.2 |
| 32 Provincial Towns | 6,713,612 | 206,918 | 128,912 | 30.9 | 19.3 | 2.87 | 19.187 | 12 | 3,215 | 987 | 1,647 | 2,498 | 1,592 | 9,236 | 185 | 1.6 |
| London | 4,504,766 | 132,432 | 83,936 | 29.5 | 18.7 | 2.78 | 12,565 | 1 | 3,075 | 583 | 1,772 | 2,160 | 598 | 4,376 | 167 | 0.6 |
| West Ham | 286,654 | 8,749 | 4,406 | 30.6 | 15.4 | 2.68 | 765 | .. | 91 | 23 | 180 | 119 | 72 | 280 | 170 | 24 |
| Croydon | 124,421 | 3,146 | 1,723 | 25.4 | 13.9 | 1.99 | 248 | .. | 34 | 9 | 17 | 35 | 11 | 142 | 150 | .. |
| Brighton | 122,310 | 3,024 | 2,062 | 24.8 | 16.9 | 2.36 | 288 | .. | 82 | 7 | 21 | 21 | 18 | 139 | 180 | 0.5 |
| Portsmouth | 186,618 | 4,974 | 3,033 | 26.7 | 16.3 | 2.16 | 402 | .. | 69 | 32 | 55 | 43 | 43 | 160 | 156 | 1.0 |
| Plymouth | 99,136 | 2,935 | 1,932 | 29.7 | 19.5 | 2.15 | 212 | .. | 70 | 4 | 10 | 28 | 6 | 94 | 170 | 0.6 |
| Bristol | 316,900 | 9,055 | 5,437 | 28.6 | 17.2 | 2.69 | 852 | .. | 307 | 14 | 44 | 115 | 25 | 347 | 164 | 0.7 |
| Cardiff | 177,770 | 5,520 | 2,627 | 31.1 | 14.8 | 2.24 | 396 | .. | 50 | 8 | 129 | 43 | 17 | 149 | 158 | 0.7 |
| Swansea | 102,001 | 2,941 | 1,889 | 28.9 | 18.6 | 3.21 | 326 | .. | 88 | 11 | 124 | 40 | 13 | 50 | 184 | 1.5 |
| Wolverhampton | 88,051 | 3,140 | 1,868 | 35.8 | 21.3 | 3.19 | 280 | .. | 19 | 23 | 38 | 9 | 20 | 171 | 200 | 1.1 |
| Birmingham | 510,343 | 17,316 | 10,179 | 34.0 | 20.0 | 2.78 | 1,417 | .. | 181 | 46 | 131 | 251 | 114 | 694 | 191 | 2.9 |
| Norwich | 111,699 | 3,329 | 2,112 | 29.9 | 19.0 | 3.26 | 363 | .. | 75 | 23 | 14 | 37 | 45 | 169 | 192 | 0.8 |
| Leicester | 208,662 | 6,156 | 3,522 | 29.6 | 16.9 | 3.35 | 697 | .. | 214 | 44 | 62 | 19 | 30 | 328 | 191 | 2.4 |
| Nottingham | 236,137 | 6,800 | 4,160 | 28.9 | 17.7 | 2.37 | 558 | .. | 104 | 34 | 24 | 58 | 56 | 282 | 178 | 0.8 |
| Derby | 104,834 | 2,861 | 1,759 | 27.4 | 16.8 | 2.26 | 235 | .. | 53 | 20 | 9 | 28 | 28 | 97 | 169 | .. |
| Birkenhead | 113,189 | 3,429 | 1,969 | 30.4 | 17.4 | 2.53 | 285 | .. | 30 | 32 | 49 | 8 | 38 | 128 | 186 | 0.8 |
| Liverpool | 633,645 | 22,224 | 15,153 | 35.2 | 24.0 | 3.22 | 2,034 | 2 | 276 | 143 | 147 | 326 | 166 | 974 | 184 | 3.4 |
| Bolton | 122,495 | 3,776 | 2,368 | 30.9 | 19.4 | 2.93 | 358 | .. | 31 | 23 | 8 | 45 | 38 | 213 | 168 | 0.3 |
| Manchester | 539,079 | 17,591 | 11,766 | 32.7 | 21.9 | 3.11 | 1,673 | .. | 271 | 65 | 53 | 170 | 125 | 989 | 197 | 0.8 |
| Salford | 215,702 | 7,475 | 4,884 | 34.7 | 22.7 | 4.03 | 867 | .. | 99 | 62 | 32 | 130 | 80 | 464 | 212 | 1.0 |
| Oldham | 148,288 | 3,748 | 2,600 | 25.3 | 17.6 | 2.15 | 319 | .. | 85 | 24 | 10 | 65 | 22 | 113 | 175 | 0.1 |
| Burnley | 109,546 | 2,964 | 1,781 | 27.1 | 16.3 | 2.04 | 224 | .. | 8 | 6 | 30 | 7 | 27 | 146 | 195 | 1.7 |
| Blackburn | 133,228 | 3,595 | 2,451 | 27.1 | 18.4 | 2.57 | 342 | .. | 50 | 16 | 31 | 1 | 32 | 208 | 206 | 3.3 |
| Preston | 116,356 | 3,596 | 2,245 | 31.0 | 19.3 | 3.07 | 356 | .. | 2 | 4 | 8 | 61 | 43 | 238 | 225 | 2.9 |
| Huddersfield | 102,454 | 2,295 | 1,627 | 22.5 | 15.9 | 1.61 | 164 | .. | 32 | 10 | 13 | 11 | 10 | 88 | 153 | 2.2 |
| Halifax | 96,729 | 2,210 | 1,724 | 22.9 | 17.9 | 2.15 | 207 | .. | 70 | 14 | 8 | 35 | 18 | 62 | 163 | 2.7 |
| Bradford | 233,737 | 5,594 | 4,102 | 24.0 | 17.6 | 2.12 | 493 | .. | 104 | 11 | 17 | 68 | 49 | 244 | 185 | 1.2 |
| Leeds | 416,618 | 12,968 | 7,983 | 31.2 | 19.2 | 3.12 | 1,295 | 2 | 191 | 119 | 223 | 161 | 92 | 507 | 182 | 0.4 |
| Sheffield | 356,478 | 12,044 | 7,197 | 33.9 | 20.2 | 3.82 | 1,358 | .. | 175 | 56 | 94 | 219 | 142 | 672 | 195 | 2.3 |
| Hull | 229,887 | 7,666 | 4,209 | 33.4 | 18.4 | 2.99 | 686 | .. | 92 | 28 | 17 | 68 | 58 | 423 | 182 | 1.4 |
| Sunderland | 143,849 | 5,077 | 3,247 | 35.4 | 22.6 | 3.69 | 532 | 2 | 85 | 32 | 9 | 68 | 69 | 267 | 202 | 0.7 |
| Gateshead | 103,775 | 3,679 | 2,133 | 35.5 | 20.6 | 3.10 | 320 | 3 | 51 | 19 | 10 | 66 | 18 | 154 | 208 | 0.3 |
| Newcastle-on-Tyne | 223,021 | 7,041 | 4,764 | 31.4 | 21.4 | 2.82 | 643 | 3 | 126 | 25 | 30 | 139 | 67 | 244 | 190 | 0.7 |