Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Annual report for the year ending 25th March, 1896
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Table No. 10.—Analysis of the Vital and Mortal Statistics of Thirty-three of the Largest English Towns during the Tear, 1895.
Towns. | Estimated Population middle of 95. | Births. | Deaths. | Annual Rate per 1000 living. | Deaths from Principal Zymotic Diseases. | Small Pox. | Measles. | Scarlet Fever. | Diphtheria. | Whooping Cough. | Fever. | Diarrhœa. | Deaths of Children under 1 year of age to 1,000 Births. | Rate per cent. of Uncertified Deaths. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Births. | Deaths. | Principal Zymotic Diseases. | ||||||||||||||
33 Towns | 10,591,530 | 330,896 | 218,165 | 31.3 | 20.7 | 2.8 | 29,957 | 120 | 5,623 | 1,883 | 3,735 | 3,888 | 2,115 | 12,593 | 182 | 1.5 |
32 Provincial Towns | 6,199,184 | 197,181 | 131,228 | 31.9 | 21.2 | 3.0 | 18,413 | 65 | 2,991 | 1,054 | 1,419 | 2,405 | 1,486 | 8,993 | 193 | 2.2 |
London | 4,392,346 | 133,715 | 86,937 | 30.5 | 19.8 | 2.6 | 11,544 | 55 | 2,632 | 829 | 2,316 | 1,483 | 629 | 3,600 | 166 | 0.7 |
West Ham | 249,473 | 8,541 | 4,447 | 34.3 | 17.9 | 3.2 | 805 | 10 | 227 | 45 | 192 | 57 | 65 | 209 | 168 | 2.7 |
Croydon | 114,923 | 2,896 | 1,658 | 25.3 | 14.4 | 1.3 | 151 | .. | 19 | 4 | 22 | 28 | 14 | 64 | 134 | .. |
Brighton | 119,604 | 3,057 | 2,252 | 25.6 | 18.9 | 1.8 | 209 | .. | 26 | 5 | 18 | 42 | 14 | 104 | 164 | 0.6 |
Portsmouth | 174,751 | 4,868 | 3,108 | 27.9 | 17.8 | 2.1 | 371 | .. | 39 | 7 | 19 | 63 | 35 | 208 | 175 | 0.8 |
Plymouth | 89,096 | 2,551 | 1,787 | 28.1 | 20.1 | 1.9 | 171 | .. | 77 | 2 | 10 | 28 | 7 | 47 | 178 | 0.3 |
Bristol | 228,139 | 6,579 | 4,109 | 28.9 | 18.1 | 1.3 | 295 | .. | 8 | 16 | 34 | 45 | 21 | 171 | 143 | 1.1 |
Cardiff | 155,637 | 5,321 | 2,826 | 34.3 | 18.2 | 2.4 | 377 | .. | 47 | 8 | 56 | 52 | 15 | 199 | 179 | 1.0 |
Swansea | 97,008 | 3,231 | 1.767 | 33.4 | 18.3 | 1.7 | 163 | .. | 46 | 5 | 12 | 20 | 20 | 60 | 178 | 1.1 |
Wolverhampton | 85,780 | 3,027 | 2,086 | 35.4 | 24.4 | 4.2 | 362 | .. | 41 | 33 | 84 | 53 | 17 | 134 | 218 | 0.6 |
Birmingham | 496,751 | 16,026 | 10,048 | 32.4 | 20.3 | 2.7 | 1,321 | 8 | 136 | 127 | 183 | 171 | 81 | 615 | 183 | 4.8 |
Norwich | 107,127 | 3,398 | 2,066 | 31.8 | 19.3 | 2.7 | 291 | .. | 27 | 10 | 19 | 53 | 26 | 156 | 190 | 1.6 |
Leicester | 193,839 | 5,954 | 3,333 | 30.8 | 17.2 | 3.0 | 577 | .. | 32 | 16 | 35 | 85 | 39 | 370 | 203 | 3.1 |
Nottingham | 226,658 | 6,718 | 4,299 | 29.7 | 19.0 | 2.2 | 505 | .. | 1 | 51 | 10 | 31 | 54 | 358 | 190 | 1.3 |
Derby | 100,272 | 2,909 | 1,670 | 29.1 | 16.7 | 2.0 | 195 | 8 | 7 | 8 | 6 | 21 | 18 | 127 | 161 | 0.5 |
Birkenhead | 107,469 | 3,288 | 2,093 | 30.7 | 19.5 | 2.4 | 252 | .. | 3 | 16 | 45 | 41 | 42 | 105 | 174 | 1.1 |
Liverpool | 503,967 | 18,525 | 14,469 | 36.9 | 28.8 | 4.0 | 2,016 | 13 | 359 | 144 | 120 | 372 | 187 | 821 | 210 | 3.0 |
Bolton | 119,337 | 3,921 | 2,852 | 32.9 | 24.0 | 4.5 | 530 | 1 | 124 | 23 | 16 | 67 | 53 | 246 | 212 | 0.3 |
Manchester | 524,865 | 17,624 | 13,205 | 33.7 | 25.2 | 3.7 | 1,950 | 2 | 509 | 169 | 108 | 250 | 99 | 813 | 203 | 1.2 |
Salford | 208,253 | 7,154 | 5,327 | 35.9 | 25.6 | 5.0 | 1,031 | .. | 213 | 97 | 62 | 133 | 88 | 438 | 231 | 2.3 |
Oldham | 141,079 | 3,873 | 3,091 | 27.5 | 22.0 | 2.8 | 393 | 22 | 98 | 15 | 26 | 54 | 26 | 152 | 190 | 3.2 |
Burnley | 99,591 | 3,189 | 2,322 | 32.1 | 23.4 | 3.9 | 383 | .. | 25 | 22 | 43 | 54 | 30 | 211 | 242 | 1.9 |
Blackburn | 127,615 | 3,899 | 3,093 | 30.6 | 24.3 | 5.6 | 716 | .. | 323 | 8 | 9 | 75 | 29 | 272 | 236 | 2.8 |
Preston | 112,638 | 3,753 | 2,684 | 33.4 | 23.9 | 3.8 | 423 | 1 | 47 | 4 | 8 | 50 | 22 | 291 | 248 | 3.6 |
Huddersfield | 99,482 | 2,150 | 1,675 | 21.7 | 16.9 | 1.2 | 119 | .. | 12 | 19 | 15 | 20 | 6 | 47 | 158 | 3.3 |
Halifax | 93,813 | 2,193 | 1,805 | 23.4 | 19.3 | 1.3 | 122 | .. | 9 | 5 | 14 | 23 | 16 | 55 | 158 | 2.0 |
Bradford | 226,384 | 5,890 | 4.482 | 26.1 | 19.9 | 2.5 | 566 | .. | 18 | 25 | 20 | 106 | 40 | 357 | 203 | 1.0 |
Leeds | 395,546 | 12,479 | 8,083 | 31.6 | 20.5 | 2.7 | 1,062 | .. | 134 | 51 | 65 | 112 | 82 | 618 | 191 | 0.6 |
Sheffield | 342,768 | 11,913 | 6,994 | 34.6 | 20.5 | 3.2 | 1,085 | .. | 187 | 33 | 52 | 71 | 97 | 645 | 197 | 3.1 |
Hull | 216,722 | 7,392 | 4,504 | 34.2 | 20.8 | 3.3 | 718 | .. | 19 | 39 | 37 | 44 | 48 | 531 | 205 | 4.0 |
Sunderland | 137,705 | 4,819 | 2,992 | 35.1 | 21.8 | 3.5 | 481 | .. | 9 | 11 | 8 | 63 | 132 | 258 | 189 | 1.2 |
Gateshead | 95,871 | 3,306 | 1,812 | 34.6 | 19.6 | 2.6 | 251 | .. | 28 | 14 | 19 | 62 | 15 | 113 | 186 | 0.8 |
Newcastle-on-Tyne | 207,021 | 6,437 | 4,229 | 31.2 | 20.5 | 2.5 | 520 | .. | 141 | 22 | 52 | 59 | 48 | 198 | 186 | 1.1 |