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to be differentiated, taken together, amounted in 1894 to 2836. These
deaths, although fewer by 646 than the number registered in 1893, nevertheless
exceeded by 795 the average number in the ten preceding years
corrected for increase of population.
The deaths from influenza exceeded the average by 34, and only
numbered 750, considerably below the average of the three preceding years
1891 to 1893. A large number of deaths really due to influenza are certified
under other names, more especially under Bronchitis and Pneumonia.
Under Premature Birth it is to be noted that the increase of mortality
which has gone on augmenting year by year in almost unbroken succession,
has occurred in spite of a diminishing birth-rate.
The population of the Holborn Sanitary District at the Census of 1891
amounted to 34,051, or, deducting that of the Liberty of Glasshouse Yard
(787), to 33,264. In commenting on the vital statistics it will simplify matters
if, in the first instance, we exclude the Liberty, and subsequently direct
your attention to the Birth-rate, Sickness-rate, and Death-rate of that
Liberty.
In the year 1894 (Table I.), 832 births and 787 deaths were registered
from the population of 33,264, during the 52 weeks ending December 31st,
1894. In the ten previous years the births numbered 1010, 961, 987, 930,
931, 940, 916, 917, 885, and 864; and the deaths 908, 806, 846, 832, 832,
740, 953, 1058 917, and 967. The births show a decrease of 32 or 3.7 per
cent. on the number of the previous year. The birth-rate of the district
(25.01 per 1000 of the inhabitants) is apparently 5.09 lower than the birth-rate
of the whole of London (30.1). I say apparently, because I have reason
to believe that many of the births amongst our migratory Irish and Italian
population are not registered.
The deaths exhibit a decrease of 180, or 18.6 per cent., on those of the
previous year. The number of deaths in the union workhouse was 20, and
the number of deaths to non-residents in the hospitals situate within the
district was 250 against 250 last year. If, therefore, we deduct the
240 out of all the deaths (341) in our hospitals, and add 60 as our
proportion of the deaths which occurred in the hospitals, prisons, and
lunatic asylums of the Metropolis, and add 53 as dying in the parochial
institutions located outside the district, we arrive at a corrected mortality,
660 deaths in a population of 33,264, or a death-rate of 19.84 for the
year 1894, which is 6.79 lower than the rate of the previous year (26 63).
If the mortality of the central registration districts, of which Holborn forms