Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London
Annual report for the year ending 25th March, 1898
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Table No. 8.- Analysis of the Vital and Mortal Statistics of Thirty - three of the Largest English Towns during the Year 1837.
Towns. | Estimated Population middle of '97. | Births. | Deaths. | Annual Rate per 1,000 living. | Deaths from Principal Zymotic Diseases. | Small-pox. | Measles. | Scarlet Fever. | Diphtheria. | Whooping Cough. | Fever. | Diarrhœa. | Deaths of Children under 1 year of age to 1,000 Births. | Rate per cent. of Uncertified Deaths. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Births. | Deaths. | Principal Zymotic Diseases. | ||||||||||||||
33 Towns | 10,992,524 | 336,740 | 209,412 | 30·7 | 19·1 | 2·87 | 31,479 | 18 | 6,049 | 1,967 | 3,417 | 4,453 | 1,958 | 13,617 | 177 | 1·3 |
32 Provincial Towns | 6,529,355 | 203,122 | 128,469 | 31·2 | 19·7 | 3·06 | 19,954 | 2 | 4,120 | 1,187 | 1,156 | 2,611 | 1,365 | 9,513 | 189 | 1·7 |
London | 4,463,169 | 133,618 | 80,943 | 30·0 | 18·2 | 2·58 | 11,525 | 16 | 1,929 | 780 | 2,261 | 1,842 | 593 | 4,104 | 159 | 0·6 |
West Ham | 273,682 | 8,779 | 4,273 | 32·2 | 15·7 | 2·62 | 714 | .. | 140 | 30 | 101 | 99 | 48 | 296 | 172 | 2·7 |
Croydon | 121,171 | 3,015 | 1,579 | 25·0 | 13·1 | 1·43 | 173 | .. | 17 | 12 | 8 | 31 | 9 | 96 | 135 | .. |
Brighton | 121,401 | 2,986 | 1,823 | 24·7 | 15·1 | 1·64 | 198 | .. | 17 | 12 | 12 | 25 | 22 | 110 | 144 | 0·8 |
Portsmouth | 182,585 | 4,897 | 2,951 | 26·9 | 16·2 | 2·53 | 462 | .. | 35 | 11 | 28 | 64 | 43 | 281 | 168 | 0·4 |
Plymouth | 97,658 | 2,773 | 1,855 | 28·5 | 19·0 | 2·17 | 213 | .. | 49 | 5 | 13 | 53 | 8 | 85 | 185 | 0·3 |
Bristol | 232,242 | 6,430 | 3,984 | 27·8 | 17·2 | 1·83 | 425 | 1 | 57 | 18 | 35 | 116 | 47 | 151 | 149 | 0·9 |
Cardiff | 170,063 | 5,279 | 2,534 | 31·1 | 14·9 | 2·19 | 372 | .. | 75 | 17 | 90 | 34 | 21 | 135 | 151 | 0·9 |
Swansea | 100,309 | 2,939 | 1,583 | 29·4 | 15·8 | 1·36 | 136 | .. | 45 | 10 | 11 | 42 | 7 | 21 | 140 | 1·2 |
Wolverhampton | 87,287 | 3,054 | 1,919 | 35·1 | 22·5 | 4·22 | 367 | .. | 46 | 21 | 54 | 38 | 24 | 184 | 217 | 0·6 |
Birmingham | 505,772 | 16,803 | 10,889 | 33·3 | 21·6 | 3·88 | 1,958 | .. | 398 | 93 | 147 | 221 | 92 | 1,007 | 214 | 3·2 |
Norwich | 110,154 | 3,354 | 2,062 | 30·5 | 18·8 | 2·21 | 243 | .. | 3 | 11 | 10 | 47 | 32 | 140 | 194 | 1·5 |
Leicester | 203,599 | 6,206 | 3,586 | 30·6 | 17·7 | 3·13 | 637 | .. | 14 | 71 | 73 | 82 | 39 | 358 | 205 | 2·4 |
Nottingham | 232,934 | 6,717 | 4,363 | 28·9 | 18·8 | 2·81 | 652 | .. | 48 | 36 | 21 | 113 | 49 | 385 | 206 | 1·1 |
Derby | 103,291 | 2,792 | 1,651 | 27·1 | 16·0 | 1·91 | 197 | .. | 17 | 10 | 9 | 22 | 26 | 113 | 168 | .. |
Birkenhead | 111,249 | 3,507 | 2,026 | 31·6 | 18·3 | 2·45 | 272 | .. | 55 | 23 | 26 | 32 | 27 | 109 | 164 | 1·1 |
Liverpool | 633,078 | 22,289 | 15,384 | 35·3 | 24·4 | 3·83 | 2,412 | .. | 340 | 206 | 126 | 351 | 168 | 1,221 | 200 | 3·4 |
Bolton | 121,433 | 3,942 | 2,660 | 32·5 | 22·0 | 4·02 | 486 | .. | 215 | 23 | 6 | 41 | 25 | 176 | 186 | 0·2 |
Manchester | 534,299 | 17,708 | 12,306 | 33·2 | 23·1 | 3·81 | 2,032 | .. | 629 | 124 | 47 | 300 | 100 | 832 | 195 | 1·2 |
Salford | 213,190 | 7,454 | 5,083 | 35·1 | 23·9 | 5·50 | 1,168 | .. | 473 | 61 | 32 | 112 | 66 | 426 | 219 | 1·8 |
Oldham | 145,845 | 3,793 | 2,789 | 26·1 | 19·2 | 2·61 | 378 | .. | 97 | 20 | 11 | 77 | 20 | 153 | 183 | 0·2 |
Burnley | 106,122 | 3,151 | 2,065 | 29·8 | 19·5 | 3·98 | 420 | .. | 141 | 5 | 60 | 63 | 19 | 132 | 220 | 1·5 |
Blackburn | 131,330 | 3,625 | 2,554 | 27·7 | 19·5 | 3·45 | 453 | .. | 146 | 7 | 8 | 82 | 38 | 172 | 206 | 2·2 |
Preston | 115,103 | 3,659 | 2,796 | 31·9 | 24·4 | 5·64 | 648 | .. | 318 | 5 | 4 | 30 | 35 | 256 | 262 | 3·2 |
Huddersfield | 101,454 | 2,366 | 1,659 | 234 | 16·4 | 1·50 | 150 | .. | 27 | 32 | 20 | 21 | 15 | 35 | 131 | 2·8 |
Halifax | 95,747 | 2,150 | 1,574 | 22·5 | 16·5 | 1·39 | 134 | .. | 48 | 21 | 9 | 9 | 16 | 31 | 140 | 2·5 |
Bradford | 231,260 | 5,679 | 4,024 | 24·6 | 17·5 | 2·22 | 510 | .. | 81 | 9 | 15 | 43 | 31 | 331 | 179 | 1·2 |
Leeds | 409,472 | 12,911 | 8,118 | 31·6 | 19·9 | 2·80 | 1,140 | .. | 163 | 94 | 67 | 96 | 80 | 640 | 190 | 0·6 |
Sheffield | 351,848 | 12,071 | 7,438 | 34·4 | 21·2 | 3·49 | 1,222 | .. | 195 | 90 | 44 | 142 | 110 | 641 | 198 | 2·8 |
Hull | 225,045 | 7,485 | 4,166 | 33·3 | 18·6 | 3·25 | 731 | 1 | 24 | 61 | 32 | 56 | 56 | 501 | 181 | 1·6 |
Sunderland | 142,107 | 4,905 | 2,792 | 34·6 | 19·7 | 2·56 | 363 | .. | 63 | 11 | 4 | 77 | 38 | 170 | 165 | 1·0 |
Gateshead | 101,070 | 3,612 | 1,842 | 35·8 | 18·3 | 2·33 | 234 | .. | 50 | 17 | 8 | 31 | 20 | 108 | 172 | 0·7 |
Newcastle-on -Tyne | 217,555 | 6,791 | 4,141 | 31·3 | 19·1 | 2·09 | 452 | .. | 74 | 21 | 25 | 61 | 34 | 217 | 178 | 0·9 |