London's Pulse: Medical Officer of Health reports 1848-1972

more easily done if we attack their breeding places as the following account of the development of the fly shows. "In the spring the female fly lays her eggs on manure heaps, ashpits or any collection of moist refuse and lays about 120 eggs at each

Text on page 51

you can kill thousands by the second plan. A consideration of the life history of the fly will show why the first plan is not likely to succeed. "In the spring the female fly lays her eggs on manure heaps, ashpits or any collection of moist refuse

Text on page 53

subject, and to whom I am indebted for many suggestions, I am having a spot map of "fly lairs" prepared, so that those places which breed a large number of flies will be kept under observation with a view to systematic cleansing."

Text on page 50

sleeping sickness which is spread by the tsetse fly. The last insect which has come to be suspected is the common house fly and allied species such as blue-bottles, manure flies, etc. During the last two years investigations have been carried on

Text on page 49

Register are as follows: — Tripe boiler 1 Glue and size makers 4 Fellmongers 3 Fat melters 4 Manure manufacturer 1 Summer diarrhœa and Flies. The following reports were made to the Council, who gave instructions for a copy of the handbill to be

Text on page 3

Disinfection 48 Cleansing of Persons Act, 1897 48 Smoke Nuisances 48 House Refuse 48 Offensive Trades 49 Summer Diarrhoea and Flies 49 Health Visitors' Work 54 Babies' Class 55 Maternity and Child Welfare 56 Voluntary Tuberculosis Dispensary 64 Hairdressers

Bermondsey 1915

Text on page 52

52 Summer Diarrhaa and Flies. Nothing special was done in the continuance of this campaign, owing partly to shortage of staff, and inspectors being engaged

Table on page 51

Offensive Trades. The offensive trades on the Register are as follows:-

Text on page 51

offensive trades on the Register are as follows:- Tripe boiler 1 Glue and size makers 4 Fellmongers 3 Fat melters 4 Manure manufacturer 1 D2 51

Table on page 88

Table XII.—Sanitary Work, 1915.

	Mr. Grice.	Mr. Merryman.	Mr. Golds.	Mr. Cockburn.

Bermondsey 1920

Text on page 29

be abolished, and their place, taken by glazed stoneware sinks. (8) Flies. Although the presence of flies in a dwelling house cannot be said to render that dwelling house insanitary, yet in effect it does. During last summer flies were not greatly

Text on page 30

whose special home seems to be Bermondsey. Its usual breeding place we found corroborated previous observers in the fact of its breeding in some decomposing animal matter in the yards of glue and size works. The additional fact was gleaned that

Table on page 16

Offensive Trades. The offensive trades on the Register are as follows: —

Text on page 16

offensive trades on the Register are as follows: — Glue and size makers... 4 Tripe boiler 1 Fatmelters 4 Fellmongers 3 Manure Manufacturer.. 1 16

Bermondsey 1895

Text on page 86

have again visited Mr. Morgan's cowhouses, near the Alma School. The statements respecting the hour at which the manure is removed are conflicting. I have recommended that notice should be sent to your sanitary officers at the time when it is

Text on page 29

Mr. GODDARD'S STABLES, Rothsay Street. — Offensive accumulation of manure removed, dung pit covered. Mr. PEARSON, Leather Merchant, 5-7, Whites Grounds.—Drains reconstructed and ventilated,

Text on page 30

WHITEHEAD'S STABLES, 31, Fendall Street. —Offensive accumulation of manure removed, dung pit constructed. Mr. BRILEY, Carman, 215, Long Lane.—Offensive accumulation of manure removed, dung pit constructed in accordance with L.C.C. bye-laws,

Text on page 32

Mr. ISAACSON'S STABLES, Leather Market.— Accumulation of manure removed. Mr. WELLS, 159, Long Lane.—Drains reconstructed, dung pit provided, accumulation of manure removed, watercloset accommodation provided for workpeople.

Text on page 74

for London of a nuisance arising from the removal of manure from the cowsheds of Mr. Morgan in Southwark Park Road. I have inspected the premises to-day and did not find any nuisance. If the manure is removed two or three times a week and the process

View 5 more results for this report

Text on page 27

condition good. SOUTH EASTERN RAILWAY Co., Willow Walk. —Water-closets cleansed and reconstructed, accumulation of manure removed. LEATHER MARKET, Weston Street.—Urinal and W.C. cleansed. Messrs. CASTELL & BROWN, Confectioners, 122, Spa

Text on page 31

repaired. Mr. YOUNGMAN, Brushmaker, 78, Alscot Road.— W.C. accommodation provided for workpeople, receptacle for manure provided. LAUNDRY, 315, Southwark Park Road.—Drains reconstructed, yard paving repaired, wash-houses cleansed. LAUNDRY,

Text on page 35

for workpeople. Mr. SHAW, Leather Merchant, Wild's Rents.—Dung pic constructed, yard paved, accumulation of manure removed. Mr. BEDWIN, Laundry, 27, Crosby Row. —Sanitary condition good. Mr. LEE, Furrier, 31, Crosby Row.— Sanitary condition

Text on page 39

cleansed. Messrs. WHITE, COTTELL & Co., Vinelar Works, 101, Long Lane.—Receptacle for dung provided, accumulation of manure removed, walls of W.C. cleansed. Mrs. WILLCOX, Milliner, 52, Parker's Row.—Sanitary condition good. Mr. WALKER, Leather

Text on page 38

237, Long Lane. —Additional W.C. accommodation provided for females. Messrs. CARNOT BROS., Confectioners, 7, Suffolk Place.—Separate W.C. accommodation provided for females, men's W.C. altered so as not to open directly into the workroom.

Bermondsey 1896

Text on page 29

Bye-laws. Mr. MARSH, Tin Plate Worker, 124, Spa Road.— Separate W.C. accommodation provided for females. STABLES, 71, Abbey Street. — Offensive accumulation of manure removed. MACHINE RULERS, 154, Snowsfields. —Flushing apparatus in W.C. repaired,

Text on page 34

grounds, ashes, etc. Mr. WILSON, Chair Maker, 181, Drummond Road. — Dung pit constructed, offensive accumulation of manure removed, defective stackpipe repaired, flushing apparatus in men's W.C. repaired, additional W.C. accommodation provided

Text on page 26

FOSTER'S STABLES, New Church Street.—Accumulation of manure removed, dung pit constructed in accordance with Bye-laws. Messrs. CHRISTMAS & CO., Packing Case Makers, Suffolk Place.—W.C.

Text on page 30

—Offensive accumulation of manure removed, dung pit constructed in accordance with Bye-laws, yard drained and paved. Messrs. CURTIS & SONS, Furniture Depository, 72, Maltby Street. —Offensive accumulation of manure removed, dung pit

Text on page 28

repaired, defective stackpipe repaired. Mr. CONNOR'S STABLES, 75, Weston Street.-Offensive accumulation of manure removed, dung pit constructed in accordance with Bye-laws.

View 3 more results for this report

Text on page 31

SCHULZE'S STABLES, Balaclava Road.—Dung pit constructed in accordance with Bye-laws, offensive accumulation of manure removed. Messrs. BENNETT & Co., Corn Stores, Mill Street.— Drains reconstructed with inspection chamber, interceptor

Text on page 25

accommodation provided for females, W.C. furnished with water supply, premises furnished with suitable water supply. Mr. ROGERS, Sack Maker, Tyer's Gateway.—W.C. cleansed and furnished with water supply, separate W.C. accommodation provided for

Text on page 32

pipe repaired. Messrs. SPARKS & WHITE, Druggists, 13, Baden Place. —Separate W.C. accommodation provided for females. Messrs. PLIMSOLL BROS., Bedstead Works, 98, Bermondsey Wall.—Dung pit constructed in accordance with Bye-laws. Messrs.

Bermondsey 1893

Text on page LX

received, that fish refuse is not taken except during the winter months, that stable manure, peat manure and rag refuse are received between the hours of 9 a.m. and 5.30 p.m., and that everything of the nature of manure which has been brought to the

Text on page VII

males being 23.0, and that of females 19 7. In Bermondsey, within the limits of the Parish, the death-rate of females exceeds that of males, but when hospital cases are included, the male deathrate is 2.0 higher than the female. The number of males

Bermondsey 1944

Text on page 57

fire-hoses; grain had completely blocked the sewer for the whole length of the street. The weather was warm and a plague of flies was anticipated and, indeed, was present almost at once. Great difficulty was experienced in obtaining labour and transport;

Text on page 61

Olave's Hospital: 24th September, 1940: H.E. 13th August, 1944: Fly bomb. 14th November, 1944: Rocket. 3rd March, 1945: Fly bomb. 26th March, 1945: Rocket. 28 Fly bombs; 9 Rockets ; and approximately 1,000 H.E's fell on the Borough. Total killed

Table on page 16

CLEANSING STATION.

Text on page 16

for Scabies:— Number treated Number of baths given Adult Females 341 795 Adult Males 167 529 Children, Females (School Age) 268 1,263 Children, Males ( „ „ ) 259 1,350 Children, Females (Under School Age) 56 114 Children, Males ( „ „ „ ) 69 149

Text on page 24

45 45 to 55 55 to 65 65 and upwards Total - - 12 - - 2 3 2 2 Pulmonary Males 3 - - - 2 3 1 2 - - „ Females 8 - - - Non-Pulmonary Males - - - - - - 1 - 1 - - - - - - - - „ Females - - - - - - -

View 8 more results for this report

Table on page 21

TABLE II. TUBERCULOSIS, 1944—PERIOD BETWEEN NOTIFICATION AND DEATH.

Period Between Notification and Death	Respiratory System				Other Forms
Period Between Notification and Death	Males	Females	Total	Percentage of Total Deaths	Males	Females	Total	Percentage of Total Deaths

Table on page 24

New cases of Tuberculosis coming to the knowledge of the Medical Officer of Health during the above-mentioned period, otherwise than by formal notification :-

Age Periods	0 to 1	1 to 5	5 to 10	10 to 15	15 to 20	20 to 25	25 to 35	35 to 45	45 to 55	55 to 65	65 and upwards	Total

Table on page 30

Births.

Registered—		Total	Males	Females

Table on page 30

Deaths

Total	Males	Females

Text on page 21

Period Between Notification and Death Respiratory System Other Forms Males Total Males Females Total Percentage of Total Deaths Percentage of Total Deaths Females Not notified 6 - 6 12.77 2 - 2 100.00 0-1 month 1 - 1 2.13 - - - - 1-3 months 3 3 6 12.77

Text on page 54

Hall. Both St. Olave's Hospital and the Rotherhithe Town Hall were subsequently very seriously damaged, twice by flying bombs and twice by rockets, and Guy's Hospital, the only other hospital connected with the Borough, also suffered damage,

Text on page 58

pected deliberate infection of the cargo, and there were some anxious minds for a long time afterwards. As well as the risk of infection

Text on page 30

(30) EXTRACTS FROM VITAL STATISTICS, 1944. Births. Registered— Total Males Females Live Births Legitimate 800 402 398 Illegitimate 46 30 16 Total Males Females Stillbirths 26 15 11 Rate per 1,000 total (live and still) births .. 30 Notified

Bermondsey 1859

Text on page 11

Mr. Knight. These premises are used as an artificial Manure manufactory. There is a great accumulation of animal and other refuse, also a considerable amount of mixed manure, which must in progress of conversion have been productive

Text on page 23

quality of from 12 to 13 sperm candles. I have inspected also the premises at Keating's row, used as an artificial Manure manufactory; there was an accumulation of putrid fish refuse in a most offensive condition, —also a deposit of night soil.

Text on page 25

1 fatal case of Small Pox. We are free from other Zymotic diseases. There is improvement in the premises used for a Manure factory, in the rear of Jamaica row; I have visited them on several occasions, and shall continue to exercise thereon a strict

Text on page 26

Chairman and Gentlemen, —At half-past 10 o'clock A.M. on the 12th inst. I visited the premises of Mr. Powell's, fish Manure manufactory, I was attracted thereto by the peculiar offensive odour, and suffocating vapour, produced by the combination

Text on page 27

in 1 instance, and there was 1 death from Diptheria On the morning of the 27th ult. about two o'clock, I visited the Manure factory by Jamaica row, so frequently brought before the

View 3 more results for this report

Text on page 13

prejudices. With reference to the premises at Bermondsey Wall, used for the purpose of fabricating artificial Manures, I have had an interview with the owner.—He expressed his desire to carry out any improvements in the premises that I could

Text on page 20

visit. The premises occupied by Mr. Knight at St. James' Wharf, Bermondsey Wall, which are used as an artificial Manure manufactory, I have visited on several occasions. The proprietor has broken faith with me and the Vestry, as he promised

Text on page 24

excess of the average, towards the end it increased very considerably. The births in the week were 36. The artificial Manure manufactory in Keating's row, has again given cause for complaint from various quarters. On the 18th inst. I repeated my

Bermondsey 1890

Text on page 33

fish manure from this week ; to direct careful examination of all manure which may be brought to the station, and the refusal of what is objectionable, and to load all manure as far away from the school as is practicable. I am informed that all manure

Bermondsey 1913

Text on page 52

undergoing any process which might be construed as the manufacture of manure. Some years ago the question was raised as to whether this firm had not established anew the business of a manure manufacturer within the meaning of the Act, inasmuch as they

Text on page 51

disinfection. Cleansing of Persons Act, 1897. During the year under report 31 male adults, 4 female adults, 1,362 male and 1,287 female children used the Verminous Baths and had their clothing disinfected. The total number of articles disinfected

Text on page 14

in the shape of micro-organisms is bourne by flies. At the time of writing, the Council have issued a handbill which will be distributed to every house in the Borough on the importance of the destruction of flies and a detailed report will be given

Text on page 82

beneath ground floor ... 4 1 1 1 ... 2 1 2 7 Dung receptacles provided or repaired ... ... ... 1 5 5 1 13 Accumulations of manure removed ... ... ... - - 1 Separating w.c. and domestic water supplies ... 2 ... 3 ... 64 34 80 13 25 336 Effective means taken

Bermondsey 1898

Text on page 33

Lane.—Pan in W.C. cleansed, W.C. furnished with suitable water supply and apparatus for flushing, accumulation of manure removed. Mr. BRILEY, Carman, 209, Long Lane.—Dung pit reconstructed in accordance with London County Council's byelaws.

Text on page 32

in W.C. repaired, flushing apparatus in W.C.'s repaired, walls of urinals and W.C.'s cleansed, accumulation of manure removed. Mr. BIRD'S Stables, 7, Wild's Rents. —Dung pit reconstructed and furnished with a cover. Mr. RENTALL, Wheelwright,

Text on page 28

Road. —Walls and ceilings of workrooms cleansed. SPA ROAD BEVERAGE CO., Loftie Street.—Offensive accumulation of manure removed. Mr. SIBBERTSON, Helmet Maker, 67, Grange Walk.— Flushing apparatus in men's W.C. repaired. THE WEST KENT BREWERY

Bermondsey 1899

Text on page 221

Mr. CRACE, Packing Case Maker, 66, Page's Walk.—Pan in W.C. cleansed, accumulation of manure removed. Messrs. POTTERS, Picklers, 203, Long Lane.—Accumulation of manure removed. Messrs. BROCKWELL and SON, Glue Manufacturers, 105, Bermondsey

Text on page 214

Mr. BRADEN'S STABLES, 10, Whites Grounds.—W.C. pan cleansed, accumulation of manure removed. Mr. BRADEN, Miller, 20 Whites Grounds.—W.C. pan cleansed. Mr. HOLDER'S STABLES, 2a Stork's Road.—W.C. pan cleansed,

Text on page 216

flushing, pan and trap, and drained direct into public sewer, suitable receptacle provided for dung, accumulation of manure removed. DOCKHEAD METAL CO., 91 —96, Bermondsey Street.— Pans cleansed of men's W.C's. Messrs. KERR and CO., Leather Dressers,

Text on page 213

provided to dung-pit, women's W.C. furnished with suitable supply of water, and properly ventilated, accumulation of manure removed. Mr. HANDSLEY, Wholesale Milk Dealer, Crimscott Street. —W.C. pan cleansed. Mr. BRADEN, Miller, 3, Whites Grounds.—W.C.

Text on page 218

apparatus in W.C. repaired. Mr. COOK, Confectioner, Kintore Street.—Pan in men's W.C. cleansed, accumulation of manure removed, walls and ceilings of workrooms cleansed and limewashed. LAUNDRY, 57, Southwark Park Road.—Flushing apparatus

Text on page 220

Flockton Street.— Pan in W.C. cleansed, walls and ceiling of workrooms cleansed and limewashed, accumulation of manure removed. Mr. MOORE, Currier, 24, Richardson Street. —W.C. furnished with suitable water supply and apparatus for flushing.