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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

London County Council 1907

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for London County Council]

Published
1908
Pages
184
Tables
168

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168 tables in this report

  • Page 5
    Sanitary areas.—Population (middle of 1907).
    Sanitary area.Estimated population (middle of 1907).Sanitary area.Estimated population (middle of 1907).
  • Page 5
    Marriage-rates. -
    Period.Marriage-rate per 1,(100 persons living.Period.Marriage-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 6
    Marriages of minors per cent, of total marriages.
    Period.London.England and Wales.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 6
    London—Birth-rates.
    Period.Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 6
    England and Wales—Birth-rates.
    Period.Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Birth-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 7
    The following table shows the birth-ratein the serval sanitary areas per 1,000 persons living and per 100 married females aged 15-45 in the period 1902-06 and in the year 1907:-
    Sanitary area.Births,11907 (52 weeks).Birth-rate1 per 1,000 persons living.Legitimate births1 per 100 married females aged 15-45.
    1902.6.1907.1902.6.1907.
  • Page 8
    All Causes—Death-rates.
    Period.Death-rate (All Causes) per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate (All Causes) per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 8
    All Causes—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living,
    Town.Estimated Population (middle of 1907.)Crude death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living (corrected for age and sex distribu- tion).
    1897-1906.1907.1897-1906,1907.
  • Page 8
    All Causes—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 9
    Death-rates per 1,000 living at the several age-periods in 1907 as compared with those of the decennium 1891-1900.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Mean death-rate 1891-1900.Death-rate 1907.Difference per cent.Mean death-rate 1891-1900.Death-rate 1907.Difference per cent.
  • Page 9
    Table I. Mean future lifetime of males and females in groups of ages, calculated from the London Life Table , 1891-1900.
    Age-group.Males.Females.Age-group.Males.Females.
  • Page 10
    Table II. Lives and "Life-capital" gained or lost in 1907, as compared with the decennium 1891-1900.
    Age-group.Deaths calculated according to mean death-rates of 1891-1900.Deaths occurring in the year 1907.Gain ( + ) or loss (—) of lives in the year 1907, by fluctuation of mortality.Gain (+) or loss (-) of "life capital" in the year 1907 by fluctuations of mortality.
  • Page 10
    Number of deaths , 1907, compared with the annual average deaths of the preceding decennium , 1897-1906.
    Cause of death.Diminution in 1907.Excess in 1907.
  • Page 11
    Continued from previous page...
    Cause of Death.Diminution in 1907.Excess in 1907.
  • Page 11
    Crude and corrected death-rates 2 (All Causes), per 1,000 persons living, in the County of London, and the several sanitary districts.
    Area. •Standard death-rate.Factor for correction for age and sex distribution.Crude death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Corrected death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Comparative mortality figure (London, 1,000).
    1902-6.1907.1902-6.1907.1902-6.1907.
  • Page 12
    All Causes—Deaths at the several age-periods in sanitary areas —1907 (365 days).
    Age-period.0-1-2-3-4-Under 5.5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75-85 & up- wardsAll Ages.
  • Page 12
    Table I. Shoreditch.— Population , 118,637; total tenements , 27,031.
    Tenements withNo. of tenements.Percentage of all tenements.Total occupants.Percentage of population in each group of tenements.Average occupants per room.Overcrowding.|
    No. of 1 to 4 roomed tenements with more than 2 occupants per room.No. of occupants of such tenements.Percentage of population in such tenements.
  • Page 13
    Table II.
    Year.All causes—Death.rate per 1,000 living.Phthisis —Death rate per 1,000 living.Enfant mortality—Deaths under 1 year of age per 1,000 births.
    Hampstead.Shoreditch.Hampstead.Shoreditch.Hampstead.Shoreditch.
  • Page 13
    Table III.
    Age.Males.Females.Taking Hampstead Ex as 100, Shoreditch expectation of life is represented by—
    Expectation of life, Ex.Excess in Hampstead compared with Shoreditch.Expectation of life, ExExcess in Hampstead compared with Shoreditch.
    London. 1891.1900Hampstead . 19D1.1905Shoreditch. 1901.1905London. 1891.1900Ham p. stead. 1901.1905Shoreditch. 1901.1905
    Males.Females.
  • Page 14
    Table IV. Number surviving at certain ages out of 100,000 born in Hampstead and Shoreditch , 1901-1905.
    Age.Males.Females.
    Hampstead.Shoreditch.Hampstead.Shoreditch.
  • Page 14
    Table V. Of 1,000 entering given age-periods, the number surviving through the period.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Hampstead.Shoreditch.Hampstead.F Shoreditch.
  • Page 15
    Death-rates per 100,000 living from All Causes, and from Specified Causes, in each of the several sanitary areas , 1907 (365 days).
    Sanitary area.Measles.Rheumatic Fever.Carcinoma.Sarcoma.Cancer (not otherwise defined).Tabes Mesenterica.Tuberculous Meningitis.Phthisis.Other Tuberculous and Scrofulous Diseases.Pneumonia.Other Respiratory Diseases.All other Causes.All Causes.
  • Page 15
    Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.
    Period.Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.Period.Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.
  • Page 16
    Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 16
    sanitary areas- Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 biths.
    Sanitary area.Deaths under one year of age, 1907. (52 weeks)Deaths under one year of age per 1,000 births.
    1902-6.1907.
  • Page 17
    Infant mortality during the year 1907. Deaths from stated causes in weeks and months under one year of age (365 days).
    Cause of death.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.- 3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1-2 Months.2-3 Months.3-4 Months.4-5 Months.5-6 Months.6-7 Months.7-8 Months.8-9 Months.9-10 Months.10-11 Months.11-12 Months.Total Deaths under one year.
  • Page 18
    Comparison may be made between the number of deaths from the several causes in this table with those of the two antecedent years by reference to the following table:—
    Cause of death.1905.1906.1907.
  • Page 18
    The Total deaths from all causes at ages in this table may be compared with similar figures included in the Annual Report for the year 1905 and 1906. The deaths in the three years are as follows:-
    Period.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1-2 Months.2-3 Months.3-4 Months.4-5 Months.5-6 Months.6-7 Months.7-8 Months.8-9 Months.9-10 Months.10-11 Months.11-12 Months.Total Deaths under one year.
  • Page 18
    London-1907. Life Table for the first 12 months of life(based on the mortality of the year 1907).
    1907.1907.1906.1905.
    Age-period.Registered deaths.Probability of living for one month.Number living at the beginning of each month of age.Number living at the beginning of each month of age.Number living at the beginning of each month of age.
    x/121907.P x/12I x/12I x/12I x/12[
  • Page 19
    Deaths at each interval of age (under one year) from All Causes in sanitary areas in 1907 (365 days).
    Sanitary area.Under 1 Week.1-2 Weeks.2-3 Weeks.3-4 Weeks.Total under 1 Month.1-2 Months.2-3 Months.3-4 Months.4-5 Months.5-6 Months.6-7 Months.7-8 Months.8-9 Months.9-10 Months.10-11 Months.11-12 Months.Total under 1 Year.
  • Page 19
    Infant mortality and overcrowding —1907.
    Age-period.Proportion of overcrowding in groups of sanitary districts.
    Under 7.5 per cent.7.5 to 12.5 per cent.12.5 to 20.0 per cent.20.0 to 27.5 per cent.Over 27.5 per cent.
  • Page 20
    Infant mortality and overcrowding 1 —1907.
    Number of group of districts in order of overcrowding.Comparative mortality figure.
    Children aged 0-3 months.Children aged 3-6 months.Children aged 6-9 months.Children aged 9-12 months.
  • Page 20
    Mortality of infants due to suffocation in bed.
    Number of group of sanitary districts in order of overcrowding.1Proportion of overcrowding' in groups of sanitary districts.Death-rate from suffocation in bed per 100,000 births.
  • Page 21
    Infant mortality. Summary of replies to circular letter to medical officers of health , 20 th October , 1908.
    Sanitary area.Whether Notification of Births Act, 1907, adopted.Whether adoption confirmed by L.G.B.Staff engaged in visiting homes where births have recently occurred.
    Female sanitary inspectors.Health visitors.Whether any voluntary health visitors.
  • Page 21
    Principal Epidemic Diseases.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 22
    Principal Epidemic Diseases—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 22
    Six Principal Epidemic Diseases—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    • Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 22
    Principal Epidemic Diseases.—Death-rates in sanitary areas.
    Sanitary area.Deaths, 1907 (52 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1902-6.1907.
  • Page 23
    The death-rates from smallpox in successive periods have been as follows:— Smallpox.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 23
    Smallpox.
    Year.Cases notified.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 23
    Smallpox—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.| Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 24
    Smallpox—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 24
    Smallpox—Case-rates and death-rates in sanitary areas.
    Sanitary area.Notified cases, 1907 (52 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1907. (52 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1897-1906.1907.1902-6.1907.
  • Page 25
    smallpox— Weekly notified cases —1907.
    Week ended.No. of cases notified.Week ended.No. of cases notified.Week ended.No. of cases notified.
  • Page 25
    Vaccination.
    YearChildren not finally accounted for (including cases postponed) per cent. of total births.Year.Children not finally accounted for (including cases postponed) per cent. of total births.
  • Page 26
    Number of children for whom certificates of conscientious objection were obtained together with the number of children not finally accounted for (including cases postponed) per cent of births.
    Metropolitan Union.1898.1899.1900.1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.
  • Page 26
    Measles.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 27
    Measles—Mortality among children at ages 0 — 5.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 children living at ages 0—5.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 children living at ages 0—5.
  • Page 27
    Measles—Death-rates in sanitary areas.
    Sanitary area.Deaths, 1907 (52 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1902-6.1907.
  • Page 28
    Measles- Mortality among children at ages 0-5 in sanitary areas-1907.
    Sanitary area.Death-rate per 1,000 children living aged 0-5, 1907.Sanitary area.Death-rate per 1,000 children living aged 0-5, 1907.Sanitary area.Death-rate per 1,000 children living aged 0-5, 1907.
  • Page 28
    Meales-Deaths-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    Proportion of overcrowding 2 in groups of sanitary areas.Measles death-rate at ages 0-5 years 1901-7, per 1,000 living.
  • Page 28
    Measles- Deaths-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 28
    The following table shows that the London measles deaths-rate was, both in the decennium 1897-1906 and the year 1907, higher than those of any of the under-mentioned foreign towns , except St. Petersburg:- Meals- Deaths -rate per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 29
    Measles—Deaths at the several age-periods in sanitary areas —1907 (365 days).
    Age-period.0—1—2—3—4—Under 5.5—10—15 and upwards.All Ages.
  • Page 29
    Measles.
    Sanitary area.No. of cases of measles, 1907.Sanitary area.No. of cases of measles, 1907.Sanitary area.No. of cases of measles, 1907.
  • Page 29
    Age distribution of cases of measles.
    AgesPaddington.
    0-1-2-3-4-5-13-15-
  • Page 30
    Scarlet Fever.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 30
    Scarlet Fever—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1900.1907.
  • Page 31
    Scarlet Fever—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 31
    Scarlet Fever—Case-rates and death-rates in sanitary areas.
    Sanitary area.Notified cases, 1907 (52 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1907 (52 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1897-1906.1907.1902-1906.1907.
  • Page 32
    Scarlet Fever'- 1907.
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Notified cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Notified cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 32
    If the number of cases notified in the four weeks which would be most subject to holiday influence be compared with the number of cases notified in the four preceding and four subsequent weeks, the result shown in the following table are obtained
    Period.Notified cases—Age-periods.Increase ( +) or decrease (—) per cent.
    0-33-1313 and upwards.0-33-1313 and upwards.
  • Page 33
    Diphtheria.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 33
    Diphtheria—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 34
    Diphtheria—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 34
    Diphtheria.—Case-rates and death-rates in sanitary areas.
    Sanitary area.Notified Cases, 1907 (52 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1907. (62 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1897-1906.1907.1902-6.1907.
  • Page 35
    Diptheria. Sanitary areas.- Comparative case-rates (London taken as 100).
    Sanitary area.Comparative case-rate (London case-rate taken as 100).
    1891.1892.1893.1894.1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.1906.1907.
  • Page 35
    The fatality was greatest among males of under one females of one year of age:- Diphtheria'-1907
    Age-period.Males.Females.
    Notified Cases.Deaths.Case mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Notified Cases.Deaths.Case mortality percent.Rates per 100,000 living.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 36
    Diphtheria—Notified cases —1907.
    Period.Notified cases—Age periods.Increase or decrease per cent.
    0—3.3—13.13 and upwards.0—3.3—13.13 and upwards.
  • Page 37
    In a number of reports information is given concerning the number of cases from which material was examined bacteriologically and the results obtained. Thus—
    District.No. examined.No. positive.District.No. examined.No. positive.
  • Page 37
    Whooping-cough.
    Period.Death rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 38
    Whooping-cough—Mortality among children at ages 0-5.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 children living at ages 0-5.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 children living at ages 0-5.
  • Page 38
    Whooping-cough—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 38
    Whooping-cough—Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897-1906.1907.| Town.1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 39
    Whooping-cough—Death-rates in sanitary areas.
    Sanitary area.Deaths, 190 (52 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1902-6.1907.
  • Page 39
    As in the case of measles some of the annual reports show the number of cases of whooping cough which became known to the medical officers of health in 1907, and the following figures are thus supplied:—
    No. of cases.No. of cases.• 0 0No. of cases.
  • Page 40
    Typhus.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 40
    Enteric Fever.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Case-mortality per cent.
  • Page 41
    Enteric Fever—Case-rates and death-rates in sanitary areas.
    Sanitary area.Notified cases, 1907 (52 weeks).Case-rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths, 1907 (52 weeks).Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1897-1906.1907.1902-6.1907.
  • Page 41
    Enteric Fever 2 —1907.
    Age-period.Males.| Females.
    Notified Cases.Deaths.Case- mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.Notified Cases.Deaths.Case- mortality per cent.Rates per 100,000 living.
    Cases.Deaths.Cases.Deaths.
  • Page 42
    Diarrhœa—Deaths 1 at the several age-periods —1907.
    Disease.U nder 1 year.1-5.5-20.20-40.40-60.60-80.80 ar.d upwardsAll ages.
  • Page 43
    Diarrhœa—Death.rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Town.1897.1906.1907.Town.1897.1906.1907.
  • Page 43
    Diarrhœa—Death.rates in sanitary areas:
    Sanitary area.Deaths, 1907 (52 weeks).Death.rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1902.6.1907.
  • Page 44
    Erysipelas—Deaths 1 at the several age.periods —1907.
    Under 1 Year.1.5.5.20.20.40.40.60.60.80.80 and upwards.All ages.
  • Page 44
    Erysipelas.
    Year.Notified Cases.Case.rate per 1,000 persons living.Deaths.1Death.rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 44
    Erysipelas.— Case.rates in sanitary areas.
    Sanitary area.Notified Cases, 1907 (52 weeks).Case.rate per 1,000 persons living.
    1897-1906.1907.
  • Page 45
    The following table shows the age and sex distribution of the notified cases of erysipelas in 1907—
    Age-period.All Ages.0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75 and upwards.
  • Page 45
    Puerperal Fever.—Cases notified and deaths.
    Year.Notified cases.Deaths.2
  • Page 45
    Puerperal Fever.—Case-rates and death-rates.
    Year.Case-rate per 1,000 living.Case-rate per 1,000 births.Death-rate2 per 1,000 living.Death-rate2 per 1,000births.
  • Page 46
    Influenza, Bronchitis and Pneumonia.
    Year.Deaths1 from Influenza.Deaths 1 from Bronchitis.Deaths 1 fromPneumonia.
  • Page 46
    Influinza—Deaths 1 registered in London in four-weekly periods—1890 -1907.
    Number of weeks.1890.1891.1892.1893.1894.1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.1906.1907.
  • Page 46
    Phthisis.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 47
    Phthisis—Crude and corrected death.rates per 1,000 persons living, in the County of London and the several sanitary districts.
    Sanitary area.Standard death. rate. 1Factor for correction for age and sex distri. tribution.Crude death.rate.Corrected death.rate. •Comparative mortality figure. (London 1,000.) i —
    1902-6.1907.1902-6.1907.1902-6.1907.
  • Page 48
    Phthisis.—Corrected death.rates 1 per 1,000 persons living (1901.1907).
    Metropolitan Borough.1901.1902.1903.1904.1905.1906.1907.
  • Page 48
    Phthisis—Deaths at the several age-periods in sanitary areas. —1907 (305 days).
    Age.period.0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75-85 and upwardsAll Ages.
  • Page 49
    P hthisis death.rates in relation to overcrowding. 1
    Percentage of overcrowding in each group of sanitary areas.Crude phthisic death.rate per 1,000 persons living.Standard death. rate.Factor for correction for age and sex distribution.Corrected death. rate per 1,000 persons living.Corrected death.rate (London, 1,000).
  • Page 49
    England and Wales. Rates per 1,000,000 persons living.
    Period.All causes.Phthisis.All causes, loss Phthisis.
    Death-rate.1871.80. 100.Death-rate.1871.80. 100.Death-rate.1871-80. 100.
  • Page 50
    Scotland.
    Period.All causes.Phthisis.All causes, less Phthisis.
    Death-rate1871-80. 100.Death-rate per 100,0001871-80. 100.Death-rate1871-80. 100.
  • Page 50
    I reland.
    Period.All causes.Phthisis.All causes less Phthisis.
    Death-rate.1871-80. 100.Death-rate.1871-80. 100.Death-rate.1871-80. 100.
  • Page 50
    England. Death-rates per 1,000,000 persons living, ages 20-65.
    Period.All causes.Phthisis.All causes less Phthisis.
    Death-rate.1871-80. 100.Death-rate.1871-80. 100.Death-rate.1871-80. 100.
  • Page 50
    Ireland. Deatli-rates per 1,000,000 persons living, ages 20-65.
    Period.All causes.Phthisis.All causcs less Phthisis.
    Death-rate.1871-80. 100.Death-rate.1871-80. 100.Death-rate.1871-80. 100.
  • Page 51
    A system of voluntary notification of cases of phthisis has been adopted in the majority of London sanitary districts, and the notification is followed by visits to the patient's home by an officer of the sanitary authority, who gives advice as to the prophylactic measures which are considered desirable. The districts in which this system of notification is in force and the number of cases notified in 1907 is shown in the following table:—
    District.No. of Cases.District.No. of Cases.
  • Page 51
    The death-rates from this disease in successive periode have been as follows:- Cancer.
    Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.Period.Death-rate per 1,000 persons living.
  • Page 52
    Crude and corrected death.rates per 1,000 persons living in the County of London and the several sanitary districts.
    Sanitary area.Standard death. rate.1Factor for correction for age and sex distribution.Crude death.rate per 1,000 persons living.Corrected death.rate per 1,000 persons living.Comparative mortality figure (London 1,000).
    1902.6.1907.1902.6.1907.1902.6.1907.
  • Page 52
    (a) Sarcoma .— Deaths 2 at the several age-periods in sanitary areas. —1907 (365 days).
    Age-period.0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75-85and upwardsAll Ages
  • Page 53
    Continued from previous page...
    Age-period.0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75-85 and upwardsAll ages.
  • Page 53
    (b) Carcinoma.—Deaths 1 at the several age-periods in sanitary areas .—1907 (365 days).
    Age-period.0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75-85 and upwardsAll Ages.
  • Page 53
    (c) Cancer (otherwise undistinguished).—Deaths 1 at the several age-periods in sanitary areas. —1907 (365 days).
    Age-period.0-5-10-15-20-25-35-45-55-65-75-85 and upwardsAll Ages.
  • Page 54
    Continued from previous page...
    Age.period.0.5.10.15.20.25.35.45.55.65.75.85 and upwardsA11 ages.
  • Page 54
    Cancer—.Deaths 1 at each age.period per 1,000 deaths at All Ages—1907 (365 days).
    Age.period.All ages.Under 35.35.45.55.65.75.85 and upwards.
  • Page 54
    Cancer death.rates 1 in relation to overcrowding.
    Percentage of overcrowding in each group of sanitary areas.Crude cancer death.rate per 1,000 persons living.Standard death. rate.1Factor for correction for age and sex distribution.Corrected death.rate per 1,000 persons living.Corrected death.rate (London, 1,000).
  • Page 56
    During the year, from the time of the Order coming into force until the end of the year, the number of cases notified and deaths registered were as follows :—
    No. ofNo. ofNo. of
    cases.Deaths.cases.Deaths.cases.Deaths.
  • Page 57
    Temperature and Rainfall —1907.
    Month.Temperature of the air.Departure of mean monthly temperature from average of 65 years, 1842-1906.Rain.
    Absolute maximum.Absolute minimum.Mean for month.Number of days it fell.Amount collected.
    deg. F.deg. F.deg. F.deg. F.Inches.
  • Page 58
    It will be seen that the number c. these premises in London is continually decreasing.
    No. of applications received.No. of premises for which licences were granted.
  • Page 58
    Cowsheds.
    Sanitary area.Number of cowshed premises.Number of inspections by the sanitary authority 1907.Number of prosecutions by sanitary authority 1907.
    On register at end of 1906.Added in 1907.Removed in 1907.On register at end of 1907.
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    Examination of cows for tubercular disease of the udder—Summary of the reports of the Councils Veterinary Inspector for the year 1907.
    Details of Examination.1st period, 13th Dec. (1906)—20th March (1907).2nd period, 21st March— 19th June (1907).3rd period, 20th June— 6th Sept. (1907).4tli period, 7th Sept.— 9 th Nov. (1907).5th period, 10th Nov. (1907)—11th Jan. (1908).
  • Page 60
    las been compiled from information contained in the annual reports or has been supplied since )hese reports were received :—
    Sanitary area.Number of premises.Number of inspections, 1907.Number of notices, 1907.Number of prosecutions, 1907.
    On register at end of 1906.Added in 1907.Removed in 1907.On register at end of 1907.
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    Continued from previous page...
    Year.No. of applications received.No. of premises for which licences were granted.Year.No. of applications received.No. of premises for which licences were granted.
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    The number of slaughter-houses in each of the London sanitary areas and the frequency with which these slaughter-houses, in some of the districts, were inspected are shown in the following table
    Sanitary area.Number of slaughter-houses.No. of inspections, 1907, by S.A.No. of notices, 1907, by S.A.
    On Register at end of 1906.Removed in 1907.On Register at end of 1907.
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    The districts in which these premises are situated, the number of premises, and, for some districts, the number of inspections, are shown in the following table:— Premises used for scheduled offensive businesses.
    Sanitary area.No. on Register * at end of 1907.No. of Inspections, 1907.Sanitary area.No. on Register * at end of 1907.No. of Inspections, 1907.
  • Page 62
    The following table, which is compiled from information contained in the annual reports, shows the action taken by sanitary authorities in respect of smoke nuisance during the year.
    Sanitary Area.Observations and inspections.Nuisances and complaints.intimations.Notices.Summonses.
  • Page 65
    The following tabular statement shows the proceedings of the district authorities concerning houses represented as unfit for human habitation, and in respect of which the Council has received copies of representations from 1st January to the 31st December, 1907 :—
    Sanitary area.Total number of bouses concerning which the Council has received information that representations have been made from the 1/1/07 to the 31/12/07Number of houses dealt with by owners, without Magisterial intervention.Number of houses for which closing orders were granted.Number of houses for whioh closing orders were refused.Number of houses represented but subsequently dealt with under Public Health (London) Act, 1891.
    Still closed.Demolished.Improved.Total.Still closed.Demolished.Im-proved.Total.
  • Page 66
    In the following table will be seen the number of houses, the authorised number of lodgers, and the number of convictions, with the penalties inflicted, and other particulars during each year since 1894 :—
    Year.No. of houses on register.Authorised number of lodgers.No. of day visits by inspectors.No. of night visits.No. of prosecutions.No. of convictions.Penalties and costs.No. of deaths, †No. of cases of infectious disease.
    £s.d.
  • Page 66
    The following table shows the total number of common lodging houses, and the authorised accommodation for the different classes of lodgers in the several sanitary areas of London, other than that of the City, on 31st December, 1907 :—
    Sanitary district.No. of houses.Authorised accommodation.
    Men.Women.Couples.Total.
  • Page 67
    The principal classes are shown in the tollowing table :—
    Profession or occupation.No. of Persons.| Profession or occupation.No. of Persons.
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    In the following table will be seen the number of houses, the authorised number of lodgers, the number of convictions with the penalties inflicted, and other particulars, during each year since the supervision of seamen's lodging houses was undertaken by the Council:—
    Year.No. of houses on register.Authorised number of lodgers.No. of day visits by inspectors.No. of night visits.No. of prosecutions.No. of convictions.Penalties and costs.No. of cases of infectious disease.
    £.s.d.
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    Continued from previous page...
    Metropolitan borough.Houses.Lodgers.
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    Registered houses let in lodgings.
    Sanitary area.Number of houses.No. of Inspections, 1907.No. of ' Notices, 1907.No. of Prosecutions, 1907.
    On register at end of 1906.Added in 1907.Removed in in 1907.On register at end of 1907.
  • Page 70
    The number of applications received and certificates granted during 1907 is shown in the following table:—
    Sanitary area.No. of houses for which applications for certificates were received during year.No. of tenements comprised therein.No. of tenements for which certificates were
    Granted.Refused.Deferred.
  • Page 71
    The number of such rooms dealt with in the several sanitary areas is shown in the following table:—
    Sanitary area.No. of rooms illegally occupied.No. of rooms closed.Sanitary area.No. of rooms illegally occupied.No. of rooms closed.
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    The following table is compiled from information supplied by thereports of medical officers of health:—
    Sanitary area.No. of dwelling-rooms overcrowded.No. remedied.No. of prosecutions.
  • Page 72
    TABLE SHOWING PROCEEDINGS OF LONDON SANITARY
    Premises, Particulars, Class, &c.Paddington.Kensington.Hammersmith.Fulham.Chelsea.City of Westminster.St. Marylebone.Hampstead.St. Pancras.Islington.Stoke Newington.
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    AUTHORITIES UNDER THE FACTORY AND WORKSHOP ACT.
    Hackney.Holborn.Finsbury.City of London.Shoreditch.Bethnal Green.Stepney.Poplar.Southwark.Bermondsey.Lambeth.Battersea.Wandsworth.CamberwellDeptford.Greenwich.Lewisham.Woolwich.
  • Page 74
    Comparison between some of the statistics of the years 1904-7 may conveniently be made thus:—
    1904.1905.1906.1907.
  • Page 75
    Ice cream premises.
    Sanitary area.Number of places.No. of inspections 1907.No. of notices 1907.No. of prosecutions 1907.
    On register at end of 1906.Added in 1907.Removed in 1907.On register at end of 1907.
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    Continued from previous page...
    Premises used for the preparation and sale of food.Inspections.Premises used for the preparation and sale of food.Inspections.
  • Page 78
    The following figures which are extracted from the annual reports show the extent to which the shelters in several of the districts were used during the year.
    No. of persons accommodated.No. of persons accommodated.
  • Page 79
    The number of bodies received into the mortuaries of the several sanitary authorities during he year is shown in the following table :—
    Sanitary Area.Total number of bodies removed.Number of infectious bodies removed.Sanitary Area.Total number of bodies removed.Number of infectious bodies removed.
  • Page 79
    I he annual reports supply the following information as to the number of persons cleansed during the year : —
    Adults.Children.Persons.
  • Page 81
    The following table shows the estimated population on the 6th April, 1907,and the amount of excess of contribution over grant, or grant over contribution in respect of each district for the year ended 31st March, 1908-
    Sanitary area.Estimated population, 6th April, 1907.Equalisation charge, being excess of contribution over grant for year ended 31st March, 1908.Net grant, being excees of grant over contribution for year ended 31st March, 1908.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 83
    In 8 instances the Council found a prima facie case of malpractice, negligence or misconduct and reported to the Board to that effect. The following were the charges —
    ChargeAction taken by Central Midwives Board.
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    The following table shows the information under the headings (b) and (c).
    Condition of child.Total cases.Period of gestation.Period not stated.
    Fall term.8 months.7 months.6 months.Under 6 months.
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    Information as to (d) is as follows :—
    Presentation.No. of cases.
  • Page 86
    Continued from previous page...
    Presentation.No. of cases.
  • Page 86
    The following table shows, as regards still-births occurring at full term or of 8 months gestation, the presentations, etc., and whether the infants were stated to be macerated or not.
    Presentation, etc.Full term.8 months gestation.
    Not macerated.Macerated.Not macerated.Macerated.
  • Page 87
    The midwife who was censured by the jury was subsequently represented by the Council to the Central Midwives Board for neglect and her name was removed from the Roll.
    Attended by—Total Inquests.Children.Mothers.
    No blame attached.Want of skill.Failure to call medical help sufficiently early.Censured by jury.No blame attached.Want of skill.Failure to call medical aidCensured by jury.
  • Page 87
    The cause of death was given as follows:—
    Mothers.Children.
  • Page 88
    The following table shows the number of cases, and by whom delivered:—
    Delivery conducted byCases.Deaths.
  • Page 88
    The causes of death in the 152 fatal cases, as stated on the death certificates, were as follows:—
    Cause of death.Total deaths.Delivered by certified midwives.Attended by certified midwives but delivered by medical practitioners.Not attended by certified midwives.
  • Page 88
    During the latter part of the year, enquiries were made from each medical practitioner who was called in by a midwife to a case subsequently notified as puerperal fever with the object of obtaining more precise information with regard to the nature of the case notified, and the following table is based upon the information thus supplied:—
    Disease.Recovery.Fatal.Total.
  • Page 89
    The following table shows with regard to 77 cases delivered by midwives and 9 where a medical practitioner was called for the actual delivery, the day of the puerperium when ( a ) the rise of temperature was noted ( b ) medical aid was called ( c ) the case was notified as puerperal fever and ( d ) in fatal cases when death occurred.
    Day of Confinement.2nd day.3rd day.4th day.5th day.6th day.7th day.8th day.9th day.10th day.After 10th day.Total.
  • Page 89
    The age incidence of the cases of puerperal fever was as follows:—
    Under 15.15-20.20-25.25-30.30-35.35-40.Over 40.All ages.
  • Page 89
    The parity where ascertained of women suffering from puerperal fever and attended by a midwife is shown in the following table:—
    No. of cases.Recovery.Death.
  • Page 89
    The following conditions were noted with regard to 32 of these 86 cases:—
    Recovery cases.Fatal cases.Total.
  • Page 90
    The figure for the whole year was 42 as against 20 in 1906. Special enquiries were made into 15 cases which occurred in the last two months of the year, and the following table shows the information obtained with regard to these cases.*
  • Page 94
    Medical Officers of Health of London Sanitary Areas, in 1907.
    Sanitary area.Medical officer of health.
  • Page -
    On the same night a census was taken of the number of persons occupying beds in common lodging-houses, with the following result:—
    Men.Women.Couples.
  • Page -
    TABLE I. Homeless Poor Census. Classification of homeless poor according to districts.
    DistrictMen.Women.Children.
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    TABLE II. Common Lodging Houses. -
    Sanitary district.No. of HousesAccommodation.Census on 8th—9th Feb., 1907.Number of vacant beds on 8th—9th Feb., 1907.Number of persons turned away unable to pay, etc.
    Males.Females.Couples,• Males.Females.Couples.Males.Females.Couples.' Males.Females.Couples.
  • Page -
    TABLE III. Number of beds for men only in shelters occupied on the night of 8th February, 1907.
    Sanitary district.Free beds.For labour.
    Men.Boys.Men.
  • Page -
    TABLE IV. Number of beds in licensed common lodging houses occupied on the night of 8th February, 1907. for which no payment was made by the occupiers.
    Sanitary district.Free beds.For labour.
    Males.Females.Children.Males only.
  • Page -
    TABLE V. Shelters, homes and institutions where women are accommodated.
    District and identification number.Accommodation.No. of residents.Class.Charge per day or week.
  • Page -
    SANITARY OFFICERS.
    Metropolitan borough.Number of sanitary inspectors.Census, 1901.Houses let in lodgings.Duties of sanitary inspector.Assistants.Clerical staff.
    Inhabited houses.Total tenements.Tenements under 5 rooms.* Overcrowded tenements-Population.Population in tenements under 5 rooms.Population in overcrowded tenements.Average per sanitary inspector.Jk No. of houses let in lodgings on the register.No. of times a year these houses are inspected.
    Males.Females.In- habited houses.Tenements.Tenements under & rooms.Overcrowded tenements.PopulationPoj dilation in tenements under 5 rooms.Population in overcrowded tenements.
  • Page -
    SANITARY OFFICERS.
    Metropolitan borough.Number of sanitary Inspectors.| Census, 1901.Houses let in lodgings.Duties of sanitary inspector.Assistants.Clerical staff.
    Inhabited houses.Total tenements.Tenements under 5 rooms.* Overcrowded tenements.Population.Population on tenements under 5 rooms.Population in overcrowded tenements.Average per sanitary inspector.No. of houses let in lodgings on the register.No. of times a year these houses are inspected.
    Males.Females.I°* houses.Tenements.Tenements under 6 rooms.Overcrowded tenements.PopulationPopulation in tenements under 6 rooms.Population in overcrowded tenements.
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    SANITARY OFFICERS.
    Metropolitan borough.Number of sanitary inspectoi s.| Census, 1901.Houses let in lodgings.Duties of sanitary inspector.Assistants.Clerical staff.
    Inhabited houses.Total tenements.Tenements under 5 rooms.* Overcrowded tenements-Population.Population in tenements under 5 rooms.Population in overcrowded tenements.J Average per sanitary inspector. JI No. of houses let in lodgings on the register.No. of times a year these houses are inspected.
    Males.Females.Inhabited houses.Tenements.Tenements under 5 roou.s.Overcrowded tenements.PopulationPopulation in tenements under 5 rooms.Popula-tiou in overcrowded tenements.
  • Page -
    SANITARY OFFICERS.
    Metropolitan borough.Number of sanitary Inspectors.Census, 1901.Houses let in lodgings.Duties of sanitary inspector.Assistants.« Clerical staff.
    Inhabited houses.Total tenements.tenements under 5 rooms,Overcrowded enements-Population.Population in tenements under 5 rooms.Population in overcrowded -enements.Average per sanitary inspector. J.\ No. of houses let in lodgings on the register.cj No. of times a year these houses are inspected.
    Males. 5Fe-nales.Inhabited houses.Tenements.Tenements under 5 roou.s.Overcrowded tenements.Popula tionPopulation in tenements under 5 roonm.Population in overcrowded tenements.
  • Page -
    SANITARY OFFICERS.
    Metropolitan borough.Number of sanitary inspectors.| Census, 1901.Houses let in lodgings.Duties of sanitary inspector.Assistants.Clerical staff.
    Inhabited bouses.Total tenements.fenements under 5 rooms.* Over-crowded tenements-Population.Population in tenements under 6 rooms.Population in overcrowded tenements.Average per sanitary inspector.No. of houses let in lodgings on the register.No. of times a year these houses are inspected.
    Males.Females.In- habited houses.Tenements.Tenements under 5 rooms.Overcrowded tenements.Population■ Population in tenements under & rooms.Population in overcrowded tenements.
  • Page -
    SANITARY OFFICERS.
    Metropolitan borough.Number of sanitary inspectors.Census, 1901.Houses let in lodgings.Duties of sanitary inspector.Assistants.Clerical staff.
    Inhabited houses.Total tenements.Tenements under 5 rooms.* Overcrowded tenements-Population.Population in tenements under 5 rooms.' PPopulation in overcrowded tenements.sAverage per sanitary inspector. 1No. of houses let in lodgings on the register.No. of times a year these houses are inspected.
    MalesFe- males.In- habitec housesTenements.•Tenements under 5 rooms.Over-crowded tenementsPopulation •Popula tion in tenements under 5 rooms.Popula-tion inover-crowded . tene-ments.