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Hints from the Health Department. Leaflet from the archive of the Society of Medical Officers of Health. Credit: Wellcome Collection, London

Paddington 1900

[Report of the Medical Officer of Health for Paddington, Metropolitan Borough of]

Published
1901
Author
Dudfield, Reginald.
Pages
124
Tables
114

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114 tables in this report

  • Page -
    TABLE 1. Sex.Age.Constitution of Populations estimated to middle of 1900.
    Age Groups.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.London.
  • Page -
    TABLE 2. Births registered and Birth.rates, 1900.
    Births registered duringPaddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    Males.Females.Both Sexes.Males.Females.Both Sexes.Males.Females.Both Sexes.
  • Page 3
    TABLE 3. Births and Birth.rates, 1890.1900.
    Year.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.Birth.rates.
    Regd.Rates.Regd.Rates.Regd.Rates.England and Wales.London.
  • Page 5
    TABLE 5. Vaccination Returns, 1881.1899.
    Year.Births.Successfully vaccinated.Insusceptible of vaccination.Had Small.pox.Died unvaccinated.Vaccination postponed.Remaining (not traced, &c., &c..)*Children not accounted for (including postponed cases) % of births.
  • Page 5
    The number of certificates of successful vaccination received during the two years show a considerable increase, as is seen from the subjoined figures :—
    1898.1899.
  • Page 6
    TABLE 6. Comparison of Notification Returns for 1899 and 1900.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 7
    TABLE 7. Notifications. Comparison of Returns for Paddington and London, with the respective averages for 1890.99. (Corrected for duplicates.)
    Notifications.Sickness.rates.
    Paddington.London.Paddington.London.
  • Page 9
    TABLE 8. Notification of Infectious Diseases in Districts co-terminous with Paddington.
    District.Population, 1900.1900.Small-pox.Cholera.Diphtheria.Membr. Croup.Erysipelas.Fever.All Diseases.
    Scarlet.Typhus.Enteric.Relapsing.Continued.Puerperal.
  • Page 10
    TABLE 9. Notifications, 1900. Numbers for each Sex and Age.
    Ages.Diphtheria and Membranous Croup.Erysipelas.Scarlet Fever.Enteric and Continued Fevers.Puerperal Fever.
    M.F.P.M.F.P.M.F.P.M.F.P.F.
  • Page 11
    TABLE 10. Notification Hates (per 1,000 individuals in each group) for 1900, compared with mean lates for 5 years, 1895.99.
    District.Age.Males.Females.
    Small-pox.Diphtheria and Memb. Croup.Erysipelas.Fevers.*All Diseases.Small-pox.Diphtheria and Memb. Croup.Erysipelas.Fevers.*All Diseases.
    Scarlet.Enteric and Continued.Scarlet.Enteric and Continued.Puerperal.
  • Page 14
    CHOLERA.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 14
    DIPHTHERIA.1
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 17
    The percentages of reported cases removed from their homes for isolation during each of the past five years were:—
    1900.1899.1898.1897.1896.
  • Page 17
    SCARLET FEVER.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 17
    The sickness-rates (all ages) in comparison with the mean rates for 1895-99 were as follow:—
    Paddington.North Paddington.South Paddington.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 17
    The incidence of the disease on children of school ages is shown in the following statement, in which the cases recorded at "all ages " are in each group taken as 100:—
    Males.Females.
    All ages.3 to 15.All ages.3 to 15.
  • Page 17
    The proportions are very nearly the same as those for diphtheria (see p. 14). The inquiries made enable the cases reported to be grouped thus:—
    St. Mary.St. John.
  • Page 18
    The results of the inquiries in 1899 are compared with those of last year for the whole Parish in the following statement:—
    1899.1900.
  • Page 18
    The frequency of multiple infections in a house varies to a certain extent with the prevalence of the disease in the district. The analyses for the past 3 years are set out below:—
    Houses with1898.1899.1900.
  • Page 20
    ENTERIC (Typhoid) FEVER.*
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 21
    The inquiries made enable the reported cases to be grouped thus:—
    North Paddington.South Paddington.
  • Page 21
    ERYSIPELAS.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 22
    PUERPERAL FEVER.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 22
    Rates per 1,000 births registered.
    1890.1891.1892.1893.1894.1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.
  • Page 25
    TYPHUS FEYER.
    Paddington.London.
  • Page 29
    TABLE 11. Measles. Dates of known attacks, in months.
    Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.
  • Page 29
    TABLE 12. Frequency of multiple infection of houses.
    Cases per house.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.
  • Page 30
    TABLE 13. Sex-Age Distribution.
    Ages.PADDINGTON.ST. MARY.ST. JOHN.PADDINGTON.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.Persons.
    1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.
  • Page 33
    TABLE 14.
    Scholars Attending.Patients not Scholars.From Outside.
    S. F.Dip.S. F.Dip.S. F.Dip.
  • Page 35
    TABLE 15. Deaths of Parishioners, 1900.
    Deaths recorded duringPaddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    Males.Females.Both Sexes.Males.Females.Both Sexes.Males.Females.Both Sexes.
  • Page 36
    TABLE 16. Death-rates per 1,000 persons living.
    Year.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.England and Wales.London.
  • Page 37
    TABLE 17. Comparison of "Corrected" Death-rates and Infantile Mortalities. Based on "Recorded rates," as calculated by the registrar-General.
    Standard Death-rate per 1,000.Recorded Death-rate, 1900.Corrected Rates.Infantile Mortality per 1,000 births.
    1900.1899.1898.1897.1900.1899.1898.1897.
  • Page 38
    TABLE 18. Death-rates from "All Causes" and Selected Diseases.
    Death-rates* fromInfantile Mortality (0-1 year) per 1,000 births registered.
    All Causes.Small-pox.Measles.Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.Whooping Cough."Fever."Diarrhœa.
  • Page 39
    Mortality per 1,000 estimated living in each sex-district group.
    Ages 0-5 years1896.1898.1900.
  • Page 40
    MEASLES.
    1900.1899.1898.1897.
  • Page 40
    TABLE 19. Death-rates per 1,000 estimated living at each age. Males.
    Age Groups.1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.Means 1895-99.1900.
  • Page 41
    TABLE 19a. Death-rates per 1,000 estimated living at each age. Females.
    Age Groups.1895.1896,1897.1898.1899.Means 1895-99.1900.
  • Page 42
    This will be illustrated by comparing the mortality at all ages and at ages under 15 years in the two sub-districts of the Parish:—
    1900.Mortality rates per 1,000 persons.
    At all ages.Under 15 years of age.
  • Page 42
    TABLE 20. Deaths from Selected Causes.
    Causes of Death at all Ages (persons).Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    1900.Averages.*1900.Averages*1900.Averages.*
    1890 to 1894.1895 to 1899.1890 to 1899.1890 to 1894.1895 to 1899.1890 to 1899.1890 to 1894.1895 to 1899.1890 to 1899.
  • Page 43
    TABLE 20a. Mortality Rates from Selected Causes.
    Causes of Death at all Ages (persons).Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    1900.Mean Rates.1900.Mean Rates.1900.Mean Rates.
    1890 to 1894.1895 to 1900.1890 to 1899.1890 to 1894.1895 to 1899.1890 to 1899.1890 to 1894.1895 to 1899.1890 to 1899.
  • Page 44
    TABLE 21. Mortality from Measles. Paddington: Persons.
    Decennium.Non.Epidemic Years.Epidemic Years.
    1870-79.7 Years.3 Years.
  • Page 45
    TABLE 22. Measles. Deaths and Mortality Rates (per 1,000 persons aged 0-15 years).
    Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    Deaths.MortalityDeaths.Mortality.Deaths.Mortality.
  • Page 46
    TABLE 23. Measles. Deaths according to Months.
    Persons.
    St. Mary.St. John.
    1898.1900.1898.1900.
  • Page 46
    The published mortality rates for 1900 in the adjacent districts were:— Measles.
  • Page 47
    TABLE24. Measles. Deaths by Sex and Age.
    St. Mary.St. John.Paddington.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.Persons.
    1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.1898.1900.
  • Page 48
    TABLE 25. Measles. Fatality according to Ages. Persons. Whole Parish.
    Ages.1898.1900.
    Cases.Deaths.Fatality.Cases.Deaths.Fatality.
  • Page 48
    SCARLET FEVER.
    1900.1899.1898.1897.
  • Page 49
    The published rates for 1900 in the adjacent districts were : — Scarlet Fever.
    Rates per 1,000 persons at all ages.
  • Page 49
    DIPHTHERIA.
    1900.1899.1898.1897.
  • Page 49
    The published rates for 1900 in the adjacent districts were :— Diphtheria.
    Rates per 1,000 persons at all ages.
  • Page 50
    Among the 77 persons removed to hospital, 19 deaths occurred. The mortalities among hospital and homes cases in each of the seven last years are compared below:—
    Fatality among—1894.1895.1896. 1897.1898.1899.1900.
  • Page 50
    TABLE 26. Diphtheria. Sex-Age-Mortality. Rates per 1,000 of each sex at each age.
    Age.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 51
    FEVER1
    1900.1899.1898.1897.
  • Page 51
    The published rates for 1900 in the adjoining districts were:— "Fever."
    Rates per 1,000 persons at all ages.
  • Page 51
    Of the 11 deaths, 6 occurred in hospital and 5 at home. The mortalities among home and hospital cases in each of the past seven years are set out below:—
    Fatality among—1894.1895.1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.
    Hospital Cases32.319.216.6—7.27413.1
    Home Cases33.322.738.431.061.917.135.7
    All Cases32.821.425.815.522.610.218.6
    Percentage of Notified Cases Removed43.837.158.051.160.077.576.1
  • Page 51
    PUERPERAL FEVER.
    1900.1899.1898.1897.
  • Page 52
    Mortality in Childbed. Rates calculated per 1,000 births registered.
    Annual average.
    1890-99.1900.
  • Page 52
    WHOOPING COUGH.
  • Page 52
    The published rates for the adjacent districts last year were :— Whooping Cough.
  • Page 53
    Taking the annual averages in each case as 100, the deaths recorded last year stood in the following ratios:— Deaths from Tuberculosis.
    Paddington. Persons at all ages.
    Consumption.Other forms.
    1890-99.1890-94.1895-99.1890-99.1890-94.1895-99.
  • Page 54
    Mortality-rates from Tuberculosis. Per 1,000 persons at all ages.
    Phthisis.Other forms of Tuberculosis.Total Mortality from Tuberculosis.
    19001890-991890-941895-9919001890-991890-941895-9919001890-991890-941895-99
  • Page 54
    TABLE 27. Mortality-rates from Phthisis.* Per 1,000 persons at all ages.
    Districts.Mortality from Phthisis.Precentage of population living under conditions of overcrowding.
    Mean rate.1900.
    (1895-99.)
  • Page 55
    Phthisis. Death-rates (per 1,000 persons living at all ages).
    1896.1897.1898.1899.1900.
  • Page 56
    TABLE 28. Mortality from Tuberculosis. Rates calculated per 1,000 persons of all ages living in each district.
    PADDINGTON.ST. MAEY.ST. JOHN.
    Period.Tabes Mesenterica.Tubercular Meningitis.Phthisis.Other forms of Tuberculosis.All forms of Tuberculosis.Tabes Mesenterica.Tubercular Meningitis.Phthisis.Other forms of Tuberculosis.All forms of Tuberculosis.Tabes Mesenterica.Tubercular Meningitis.Phthisis.Other forms of Tuberculosis.All forms of Tuberculosis.
  • Page 57
    TABLE 29. Tuberculosis. Kates per 1,000 in each group. Paddington. Persons.
    0-1-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 58
    TABLE 30. Comparison of mortalities in 2 age-groups.
    0-15.15-1.
  • Page 59
    Tuberculosis. House Incidence. (Allocation of 2,179 deaths out of 2,268 recorded.) 1891-1900.
    Total Number of Deaths.Total Number of Houses.Number of Houses to which were allotted
    234 Deaths56
  • Page 60
    Conditions of Housing. Census 1891.
    Number of rooms per home.Percentage of total population living therein. N. S.Average number of persons per home. N. S.Percentage of homes overcrowded. N. S.Percentage of inhabitants of such houses living overcrowded. N. S.
  • Page 63
    Cancer. Rates per 100,000 persons at all ages.*
    1897.1898.1899.
  • Page 64
    TABLE 31. Cancer. Deaths during 1900, classified according to situation.
    1900.St. Mary.St. John.
    C.O.C.O.
    m.F.m.f.m.f.m.f.
  • Page 65
    TABLE 32. Cancer. Deaths recorded in 1900 compared with averages.
    Males.St. Mary.St. John.
    1891* to 18951896* to 189919001891* to 18951896* to 18991900
    (5 yrs.)(4 yrs.)(5 yrs.)(4 yrs.)
  • Page 66
    Cancer.
    Paddington.St. John.St. Mary.
    Averages. VAverages.Averages.
  • Page 66
    TABLE 33. Proportion of Males and Females at "All Ages " and "Cancer Ages." Persons at "all ages" in each area = 1,000.
    Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.Males.Females.
  • Page 67
    TABLE 34. Mortality from Cancer. Per 100,000 persons at all ages.
    Quinquennia.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
  • Page 67
    Per 100,000 persons at cancer ages.
    Quinquennia.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
  • Page 67
    Cancer Mortality. Per 100,000 in each case.
    All Ages.Cancer Ages.
    Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
  • Page 68
    Cancer. House frequency, 1891-1900.
    St. Mary.St. John.
  • Page 69
    TABLE 35. Comparison of Age-group Mortality-rates. Whole Parish: Persons.
    Age-groups.Quinquennium.*Cancer, †All Causes, excluding Cancer, †Selected Causes.†Other Causes.†
  • Page 70
    Infantile Mortalities. Per 1,000 births registered.
    Mean rates.
    1890-99.1900.
  • Page 71
    TABLE 36. Causes of Death at Ages under One Year.
    Annual Averages.Recorded 1900.
    1890-91.1895-99.1890-99
  • Page 72
    TABLE 37. Deaths at Ages under One Year.
    Ages at Death.St. Mary.St. John.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
    Means.1900.Means.1900.Means.1900.Means.1900.
    1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.
  • Page 72
    TABLE 37a. Mortalities at Ages under One Year.*
    Ages at Death.St. Mary.St. John.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
    Means.1900.Means.1900.Means.1900.Means.1900.
    1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1891-95.1816-99.1891-99.
  • Page 73
    TABLE 38. Deaths at ages from 1 to 5 years.
    ST. MARY.ST. JOHN.
    Males.Females.Males.Females.
    Ages.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1900.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1900.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1900.1891-95.1896-99.1891-99.1900.
  • Page 74
    Infantile Mortality. Per 1,000 births of each class.
    Legitimate.Illegitimate.
  • Page 74
    TABLE 39. Deaths of Illegitimate Children. 1900.
    St. Mary.St. John.
    Ages0-1.1-5.0-1.1-5.
    SexM.F.M.F.M.F.M.F.
  • Page 74
    The occupations of the mothers were stated to be as under:—
  • Page 75
    TABLE 40. Deaths of Illegitimate Children. Causes of Death. 1900.
    Ages0-1.1-5.
    SexM.F.M.F.
  • Page 76
    Inquests on Parishioners, 1900.
    Finding of Jury.Paddington.St. Mary.St. John.
  • Page 76
    The accidents were attributed to the following (among other) circumstances:—
  • Page 77
    Local Institutions.
  • Page 77
    Outlying Institutions.
  • Page 83
    Although no overcrowding was found to exist, the houses were somewhat densely occupied, as the appended statement shows:—
    80.82.*84*
    Cub. ft.Occupants.Cub. ft.Occupants.Occupants.
  • Page 83
    Reasons for Discontinuing Water Supply.
    Grand Junction.West Middlesex.
  • Page 89
    The nature of the offence and the result of each case are set out below.
    Summonses for Non-compliance with Notices under Sec. 4 of the Public Health (London) Act, 1891.Fine.Costs.
    £s.a.£s.d.
  • Page 89
    Summonses under Bye-Laws, &c.Fine.Costs.
  • Page 90
    Sale of Food and Drugs Acts.—The appended list gives the offences and results of summonses under these Acts during the past year:—
    Sample.Extent of Adulteration.Fine imposed.Costs imposed.
    £s.d.£s.d.
  • Page 91
    SUB-APPENDIX A. TABLE I. Gross Returns of Births and Deaths.
    Year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births.Deaths under 1 Year of Age.Deaths at all Ages. Total.Deaths in Public Institutions.Deaths of Nonresidents registered in District.Deaths of Residents registered beyond District.Deaths at all Ages. (Nett Returns.)
    Number.Rate.*Number.Rate per 1,000 Births registered.Number.Rate.*Number.Rate.*
    12345678910111213
  • Page 92
    TABLE II. Nett Returns of Births and Deaths.
    Names of Localities.1.—PADDINGTON.2.—ST. MARY.3.—ST. JOHN.
    Year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births registered.Deaths at all Ages.Deaths under 1 Year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births registered.Deaths at all Ages.Deaths under 1 Year.Population estimated to middle of each Year.Births registered.Deaths at all Ages.Deaths under 1 Year.
    a.b.c.d.a.b.c.d.a.b.c.d.
  • Page 93
    TABLE IV. Return of Deaths in Local Public Institutions.
    Year.Paddington Workhouse and Infirmary.St. Mary's Hospital.Lock Hospital.Children's Hospital, Paddington Green.
  • Page 94
    TABLE III. MALES. WHOLE PARISH. CAUSES OF DEATHS OF RESIDENTS DURING 1900.
    Groups of Diseases.AGES.All Ages.
    0-l-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 95
    TABLE III. WHOLE PARISH. FEMALES. CAUSES OF DEATHS OF RESIDENTS DURING 1900.
    Groups of Diseases.AGES.All Ages.
    0-1-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 96
    Males. TABLE III.—continued.
    Diseases.AGES.All Ages.
    0-1-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 97
    TABLE III.—continued. Females.
    Diseases.AGES.All Ages.
    0-1-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 98
    Males. TABLE III.—continued.
    Diseases.AGES.All Ages.
    0-1-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 99
    TABLE III.—continued. Females.
    Diseases.AGES.All Ages.
    0-1-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 100
    Males. TABLE III.—continued.
    Diseases.AGES.All Ages.
    0-1-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 101
    TABLE III.—continued. Females.
    Diseases.AGES.All Ages.
    0-1-5-15-25-35-45-55-65-75-85-
  • Page 102
    TABLE V. REPORT OF THE WORKS OF THE SANITARY DEPARTMENT COMPLETED DURING THE YEAR 1900.
    No of Complaints received.Inspections of Dwelling Houses.Sanitary Works completed in Dwelling Houses.To Regulate Keeping of Animals.Trade Supervision.Foods
    Drainage, &c.Water Supply.Dust Receptacles.Miscellaneous.
    " House-to-House."On Complaint or after Illness.Cellar Dwellings.Re-inspection of all kinds.Entire Reconstruction.Drains Relaid, Trapped, or Ventilated.Waste Pipes Disconnected.Rain-water Pipes Disconnected.W.C., New, Provided, Repaired, &c.Soil Pipes Ventilated.Services Separated.Supplies Reinstated.Cisterns, New, Provided.Cisterns Cleansed, Repaired, &c.Cistern Overflows Disconnected.New, Provided.Repaired, &c.Drains Cleared, Flushed, Jtc.Houses or Rooms Cleansed, Whitewashed, &c.Cases of Overcrowding Abated.Cellar Dwellings Closed.Yards and Areas Paved and Drained.Manure Receptacles Reconstructed, &c.Accumulations Removed.Improperly-kept Removed.Slaughterhouses.Cowhouses, Dairies, Milk Shops.Bakehouses.Eating-Houses.Offensive Trades, Wharves.Smoke Observations.Seizures of Unsound Food.
  • Page 103
    This is not, however, borne out by the figures
    1900.1899.1898.1897.1896.
  • Page 104
    The 339 return cases were therefore equal to a percentage of 2.4 on the total notifications, or 2*8 per cent, of all notified cases of scarlet fever, and 1.9 per cent. of all notified cases of diphtheria.
    Disease.Total Number discharged from Hospitals.Number of Homes re-infected.Number of "Return Cases."Percentage of Homes re-infected to Total Discharges.Percentage of "Return Cases" to Total Discharges.
  • Page 106
    An analysis showing the frequency of the various pathological conditions noted in the primary —i.e., re-infecting—cases of each disease is given below:—
    Disease.Discharge from Nose.Sore Nose.Discharge from Nose and Ears.Desquamation of Skin and Eczema-tous Eruption.Unhealthy Throat and Swollen Glands.Colds in Head.Colds in Chest.Relapse.Healthy.Other Causes.
  • Page 107
    The average duration of such isolation at the various hospitals at the time of the inquiry is indicated in the following tables:— Number and duration of detention of cases of Scarlet Fever in different hospitals discharged during the six months from October, 1898, to March, 1899.
    Time of Detention.South. Eastern.North. Eastern.Park.Western.N orth. Western.Fountain.Eastern.Brook.Southwestern.
  • Page 108
    A comparison between the period of isolation of cases treated at home and that at hospital shows a very marked difference in their duration, as is seen by the following statement:—
    Scarlet Fever.Diphtheria.
    Hospital.Home.Hospital.Home.
    No.Percentage.No.Percentage.No.Percentage.No.Percentage.
  • Page 110
    HISTORIES OF scarlet fever.
    No.First Case (A.).Hospital.Subsequent Cases (B.), (C.).Interval Days.
    Initials.Sex. Age.Removed toReturned fromInitials.Sex. Age.Sickened.