Segment 1 Chave, seated, talks to camera. He describes how the Medical Officer of Health, appointed during the Great War, was at the pinnacle of his career, leading the safe evacuation of people from cities to countryside whilst maintaining public health standards within the cities. There was an expansion of the immunisation programme, especially against diphtheria, and the use of x-rays to diagnose tuberculosis more accurately. Chave shows a photograph of William Beveridge who was hired by Winston Churchill to plan a new system of social security - this was to lead to the Welfare State. Time start: 00:00:00:00 Time end: 00:04:55:09 Length: 00:04:55:09
Segment 2 Chave continues to talk about William Beveridge and the Welfare State. Beveridge set forward three premises that should be met by the government, here Chave lays them out and explains each: a system of family allowances should be in place to support young families; governments should maintain full employment to avoid the National Insurance Scheme being bankrupted; a national health service should be instated which would provide health care for free to whoever needs it. Time start: 00:04:55:09 Time end: 00:10:23:00 Length: 00:05:28:06
Segment 3 Chave describes how the British Medical Association came to support the National Health Insurance Scheme and proposed a national medical service for the nation. Following the general election in 1944, Aneurin Bevan became the new Minister of Health (Chave shows a photograph of Bevan) and proposed his own plan for a national health service. Chave explains Bevan's proposal in depth, it was to become the National Health Service we know today. The Medical Officer of Health was sidelined and put in charge of ambulances instead of hospitals. Time start: 00:10:23:00 Time end: 00:16:39:00 Length: 00:06:16:00
Segment 4 Opening credits for Part 8. Opening shot of display of health promotion posters. Camera pans to Chave, seated, who talks to the camera. Chave explains how things changed after1948 with the founding of the National Health Service. More provisions needed to be in place to meet the needs of increasing numbers of old people, for the mentally and physically disabled. Immunisation and antibiotics had lowered the risk of death from contagious diseases but lung cancer, heart disease, injuries from road traffic accidents, alcoholism, drug addiction, venereal disease and unwanted pregnancy rose alarmingly. It was clear that health education was needed as a weapon to attack these new problems. Time start: 00:16:39:00 Time end: 00:19:30:09 Length: 00:02:51:09
Segment 5 Chave describes the revolt of the social workers in the 1960s as they fought to be recognised as an independent body. Meanwhile doctors and nurses moved into group practice and health centres. However, there were problems with organisation; Keith Joseph described the health service as a monster with an insatiable appetite. The Medical Officer of Health was no longer relevant but a new specialist was named, the community physician. Time start: 00:19:30:09 Time end: 00:24:57:00 Length: 00:05:27:00
Segment 6 Chave defines the difference between social medicine and public health; where public health had aimed at preventing disease in the population, social medicine dealt with all aspects of health and disease in populations including their use of health services. Chave shows a photograph of John Ryle, a clinician who took the first Chair of Social Medicine in 1943. As a graduate of Cambridge, Ryle brought a level of academia to the subject of Social Medicine - Chave demonstrates a number of publications on the subject from this time. Chave follows the story through to 1968 when the publication of the report of the Royal Commission on Medical Education was published and led to, in 1969, the training of community physicians. Chave then briefly sums up the lecture. Time start: 00:24:57:00 Time end: 00:33:28:24 Length: 08:31:24